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(Last Modified On 1/25/2013)
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(Last Modified On 1/25/2013)
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Species
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CHAMISSOA MAXIMILIANA Mart. ex Moq.
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PlaceOfPublication
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DC. Prodr. 132:251. 1849.
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Synonym
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Chamissoa celosioides Griseb. in Goett. Abh. 19:79. 1874. Chamissoa maximiliana var. P procumbens Seub. in Mart. Fl. Bras. 51:243. 1875. Kokera celosioides (Griseb.) 0. Ktze. Rev. Gen. 543. 1891. Kokera acuminata (Mart.) 0. Ktze. loc. cit. 543. 1891. Chamissoa maximiliana var. pubescens Chod. in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 7:63. 1899. Chamissoa maximiliana f. cetosioides (Griseb.) Suesseng. in Rep. Sp. Nov. 35:306. 1934.
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Description
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Clambering subglabrous herbs, shrubs or vines to 2 m. high. Leaves glabrous or slightly pilose, narrowly to broadly ovate, apically acuminate to mucronate, basally acute to rounded, 2.5-10 cm. long, 1-4 cm. broad; petioles 1-2.5 cm. long. Inflorescences of glomerules racemosely disposed, the pubescent primary rhachis usually obscured. (In the typical form the glomerules are not all closely approximated and the rhachis is visible at intervals.) Flowers perfect, some usually sterile, or tending to monoecism, subsessile; bracts 1-3, narrowly deltoid to lanceolate, carinate, mucronate, with membranaceous margins, 1.5-2 mm. long, 1-1.5 mm. broad; sepals 5, subequal, lance-oblong, concave, acuminate to mucro- nate, obscurely 3-7 nerved, greenish white, 3-4 mm. long, 0.5-1 mm. broad; stamens 5; filaments 1.5-3 mm. long; filament tube about 0.5 mm. long; ovary at anthesis doleiform, 1-2 times as long as broad, attenuate to the base of the style, often lobulate or flanged near the summit; style 1, 1-1.5 mm. long, longer than the stigmata; stigmata 2, erect at anthesis, reflexed in fruit. Fruit a utricle, usually included, circumscissile near the middle, globose to ovoid, the summit operculate and usually truncate, 2-3.5 mm. long, about 2 nmm. broad; aril minute; seeds verrucose, black, often pleiochroistic, 1.5-2 mm. broad.
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Habit
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herbs, shrubs or vines
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: Water Valley, vicinity of Chiriqui Lagoon, von Wedel I441; vicin- ity of Chiriqui Lagoon, von Wedel I695. DARIEN: vicinity of Cana, 1750 ft., Stern, Chambers et al. 677.
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Distribution
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Inhabiting thickets and forest clearings, this species ranges from Costa Rica to Argentina.
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Note
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The Panama specimens seem referable to the forma celosioides (Griseb.) Suesseng. which differs from the typical form in possessing compact inflorescences. The type of C. rnaxi'siliaia has lax inflorescences with subgbobose operculate utricles. Three other species with minute arils occur in South America. C. acuminata Mart., with smooth seeds and petiolate, narrowly ovate falcate leaves, occurs in Brazil and northern Argentina. C. blanchetii Moq., with smooth but punctate seeds and subsessile linear-elliptic leaves, occurs in Brazil. C. brasiliana (Moq.) R. E. Fr., native to Brazil and Argentina, differs from all other species in having axillary verticillate glomerules.
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