(Last Modified On 7/22/2013)
|
|
(Last Modified On 7/22/2013)
|
Species
|
Cavendishia axillaris A. C. Smith
|
PlaceOfPublication
|
Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 28: 493. 1932.
|
Note
|
TYPE: Colombia; Bolivar, 2,300-2,700 m, Pennell 4375 (NY, holotype; photo of type, DUKE).
|
Synonym
|
Cavendishia gaultherioides A. C. Smith, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 28: 444. 1941. TYPE: Panama; Cocle La Mesa, N of El Valle de Anton, 1000 m, Allen 2375 (A, holotype; photo of holotype, DUKE, NY; MO, isotype).
|
Description
|
Terrestrial or epiphytic shrubs, 0.5-1.5(-3) m tall, glabrous throughout when mature; stem base 1-2.5 cm in diameter; mature branches often arching, terete to bluntly angled, smooth or striate; bark often reddish above and brown to grayish brown beneath; immature branches and twigs of new growth terete or flattened, densely puberulent, glabrescent. Leaves ovate, obovate, elliptic or suborbicular, 4.5-10.5(-17) cm long, (2.5-)4-11 cm broad, basally cuneate, ob- tuse, rounded or subcordate and then often slightly amplexicaul, apically obtuse or rounded, grayish to brownish green above and tan to olive green beneath when dry, pinnately veined, the midrib elevated on both the surfaces, the proxi- mal 1/3 conspicuously thickened, 3-5 times thicker than the narrowed and im- pressed distal portion, the lateral nerves arcuate, anastomosing near the margin, impressed above, sometimes strongly so, raised and prominent beneath, the leaves hence frequently bullate, the veinlets impressed or slightly raised above, ele- vated beneath, newly unfolding leaves puberulent but later glabrate; petioles subterete, striate or rugose, 1.5-3(-5) mm long, 2.5-3.5(-4.5) mm in diameter, dark reddish brown. Inflorescences solitary racemes or rarely 2-5 per axil, tightly racemose, the floral internodes ca. 1 mm long, (5-)9-15(-47) flowered, capitate or cylindric at anthesis, encircled at the base by striate bracts, the rachis terete or bluntly angled, 1-2(-8) cm long, the floral nodes swollen; floral bracts smooth or muricate, striate when dry with conspicuously thickened, dichotomously branching veins, obovate to semiorbicular, basally truncate, apically rounded or acute, the apex usually splitting deeply, 7-10(13) mm long, (5.5-)8-11(-13) mm broad, marginally scarious and densely glandular fimbriate, concave, tightly appressed to and concealing the calyx and the lower portion of the corolla at anthesis, often persistent until after the berry has matured; pink to dark rose red; pedicels to 1 mm long, 1 mm in diameter, rarely with few cartilaginous teeth distally; bracteoles smooth or muricate but conspicuously striate when dry, elliptic oblong, basally truncate, apically rounded, (5-)7-9 mm long, (2-)4-6 mm wide, marginally scarious and densely glandular fimbriate, concave and strongly keeled, rarely flat, imbricate and completely enveloping the perianth in bud, tightly appressed to the calyx at anthesis, pink to dark rose red. Flowers with the calyx (4.5-)6-7.5 mm long, the tube cylindric, smooth to rugose, non- expanded basally (1.5-)2.5-3 mm long, 2.5 mm in diameter, pink to pale green, the limb spreading to campanulate, conspicuously striate within and without when dry, (2.5-)3.5-4(-5) mm long including the lobes, pale green, the lobes ovate to triangular, rarely oblong, acute, 1-2 mm long and 1.5-3 mm wide, erect after anthesis, the margins glandular fimbriate and occasionally slightly imbri- cate at the base, pale green and occasionally marginally pink, the sinuses acute or narrowly obtuse; corolla cylindric or slightly bottleshaped, narrowed at the throat, (6.5-)9-10 mm long, 3.5-4(-6) mm in diameter, often glandular fimbriate distally, white to pale green in the basal 1/3, green to yellowish green in median %, the limb and the lobes pale green, the lobes oblong to narrowly triangular, obtuse, 1-2 mm long; stamens 6-8.5 mm long, the filaments short puberulent distally, alternately 1.5-2.5 mm and 2.5-3.5 mm long, the anthers including tubules alternately 4-6 mm and 5-6.5 mm long, the thecae 1.5-2.5 mm long; style 8-9 mm long. Berry 9-10 mm in diameter.
|
Habit
|
shrubs
|
Note
|
Cavendishia axillaris ranges from Costa Rica and Panama south into Colombia and adjacent Ecuador. In Central America it is generally found between 700- 1,500 meters. It is well characterized by its pinnately veined, subsessile leaves, compact inflorescences, its conspicuously nerved floral bracts and bracteoles which are tightly appressed to the calyx, and by its small flowers. Numerous Central American collections have been misidentified as C. complectens. To- gether they share pinnately veined leaves and compact inflorescence, although the rachis of C. complectens may lengthen considerably after anthesis. They are most easily separated by the fact that the leaves of C. complectens are strongly amplexicaul and the calyx lobes are reniform and broadly imbricate, whereas in C. axillaris the leaves are never amplexicaul, the calyx lobes are tri- angular to ovate and are only rarely imbricate at the very base.
|
Distribution
|
ranges from Costa Rica and Panama south into Colombia and adjacent Ecuador.
|
Elevation
|
700- 1,500 m
|
Specimen
|
CHIRIQUI: Between Pinola and Quebrada Hondo, Chiriqui Trail, Kirkbride & Duke 879 (MO). COCLE: Hills N of El Valle de Anton, 1000 m, Allen 2170 (A); Allen 2329 (A, MO). La Mesa, N of El Valle de Anton, Allen 2375 (A, MO); Allen 2736, 2787 (both A). Hills N of El Valle de Anton, 1000 m, Allen 3559 (G, MO). 39 km from Interamerican Highway along El Valle dirt road, Correa 327 (MO). La Mesa, N of El Valle de Anton, Croat 14393 (MO, NY). Along road past Furlong's finca, due N of Cerro Pilon, 880 m, Croat 37549 (NY). Cloud forest on Cerro Pilon, 700-900 m, Duke 12175 (MO). 9 km from El Valle market beyond Sr. Furlong's finca, Kennedy et al. 3188 (MO). N of El Valle, beyond La Mesa towards Los Llano, 800-850, Luteyn 3157, 4112 (both DUKE); Luteyn & Kennedy 1689 (DUKE). Roadside, La Mesa, 4 km N of El Valle, 875 m, Nee & Dwyer 9169 (NY). Cerro Pilon above El Valle, 620 m, Porter et al. 4467, 4639 (both MO). La Mesa, N of El Valle de Anton, Wilbur et al. 11116 (DUKE). DARIEN: Cerro Tacarcuna massif between summit camp on westernmost ridge and Pico Tacarcuna, 1650-1800 m, Gentry, Leon & L. Forero 16916 (NY). Elfin forest at top of W peak of Cerro Tacarcuna massif, 1800-1850 m, Gentry & Mori 13979 (MO, NY). VERAGUAS: Santa Fe, slopes of Cerro Tute, 925 m, Allen 4343 (G, MO, US). Road between Escuela Agricola Alto Piedra and Rio Dos Bocas, 730-770 m, Croat 25913 (MO). 20 km NW Santa Fe, 650-800 m, Kennedy & Dressler 3420 (NY). Road past Escuela Agricola Alto Piedra on Pacific side, 800-1000 m, Liesner 862 (MO); Luteyn & Wilbur 4578 (DUKE, F, MO, NY). NW of Santa Fe, 1-4.2 km from Escuela Agri- cola Alto Piedra, Mori & Kallunki 4026 (WIS), 4827 (NY). 6-7 km W of Santa Fe, road past agricultural school, Nee 9714 (NY). Along first branch of Rio Santa Maria by road from Santa Fe, Witherspoon & Dressler 8922 (MO, NY).
|
Tag
|
|
Project Name
|
Tag
|
|
|