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Phyllanthus emblica L. Search in The Plant ListSearch in IPNISearch in Australian Plant Name IndexSearch in NYBG Virtual HerbariumSearch in Muséum national d'Histoire naturelleSearch in Type Specimen Register of the U.S. National HerbariumSearch in Virtual Herbaria AustriaSearch in JSTOR Plant ScienceSearch in SEINetSearch in African Plants Database at Geneva Botanical GardenAfrican Plants, Senckenberg Photo GallerySearch in Flora do Brasil 2020Search in Reflora - Virtual HerbariumSearch in Living Collections Decrease font Increase font Restore font
 

Published In: Species Plantarum 2: 982. 1753. (1 May 1753) (Sp. Pl.) Name publication detailView in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 6/2/2011)
Acceptance : Accepted
Project Data     (Last Modified On 6/3/2011)
Contributor Text: A. RADCLIFFE-SMITH
Flower/Fruit: Fl. Per.: March-May; Fr. Per.: September-November.
Type: Holotype: A sterile specimen cultivated in Uppsala in Hb. Linn., No. 1105/11 (L INN).
Distribution: Distribution: Pakistan, throughout India, Sri Lanka and east to S. China and W. Malesia. Wild in the foothills of the Himalayas and cultivated in the plains; 2000'/610 m. - 4500'/1370 m.
Comment/Acknowledgements: The fruits are probably the richest known natural source of Vitamin C, and are frequently used in making pickles, preserves and jellies.
Illustration: Phyllanthus emblica L. (Illustration)
Map Location: C-7 Mirpur: Selegran, 25 Sept. 1967, Zaffar Ali & Y. Nasir 4570 (RAW); ? Mirpur (‘And Kashmir’): Krot - Golpur, 11 Apr. 1969, Y. Nasir & Zaffar Ali 5440 (RAW); Gujranwala: Kalsi(an), April, Devki Nandan 83 (K); C-8 Jammu: Jammu (‘Jummoo’), Nov. 1846, T. Thomson s.n. (K); Udhampur: Ramnagar, 26 May 1848, T. Thomson s.n. (K); D-7 Faisalabad (Lyallpur): ‘Asa Pori’ (Asarur), November, Devki Nandan 83A (K); G-4 Karachi: Gandhi gardens, Karachi, 24 Sept. 1964, Miss Phool Begum s.n. (KUH).

 

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A monoecious glabrous or pubescent deciduous tree, up to 15-20 in. Bark grey, smooth. Wood red, hard. Intermediate shoots up to 20 cm long, solitary or fascicled, resembling pinnate leaves but usually floriferous towards the base, falling as a unit; short shoots not strongly developed. Cataphylls triangular. lanceolate, 2 mm long, acuminate, brownish-black. Foliage-leaves up to 80-150 per shoot, closely distiehous; petioles 0.5 mm long; leaf-blades linear-oblong, 0.5-1.6 x 0.1-0.3 cm., usually obtuse, sometimes acute or subacute, somewhat obliquely rounded to subcordate at the base, margin thickened and inrolled, firmly chartaceous, lateral nerves 4-9 pairs, sometimes indistinct, light green above, paler and somewhat greyish beneath. Stipules of the cataphylls triangular-ovate, 1.5 mm long, acuminate, brownish-black; those of the leaves lanceolate, 0.7 mm long, reddish-brown. Proximal nodes barren, leafless, next ♂, then with ♂ & ♀ flowers, distally barren again but leafy. Male flowers: pedicels slender, 1-2 mm long; sepals 6, oblong-oblanceolate, 1.5-2 x 0.5-0.7 mm, obtuse or rounded, entire, yellowish-green with a pale hyaline margin; disc of 6 small clavate glands or 0; stamens 3, the filaments completely connate into a short terete column, anthers sessile, distinct, erect, oblong, apiculate, 0.8 mm long, the sacs parallel, longitudinally dehiscent. Female flowers subsessile; sepals thicker than the ♂ and somewhat denticulate, otherwise similar; disc urceolate, 1.5 mm high, completely enclosing the ovary, 6-ribbed, lacerate at the top; ovary ovoid, 3-celled, c. 1 mm diam., smooth; styles 3, stout, fleshy, c. 4 mm long, united at the base, bipartite, the segments flattened, spreading, sometimes bifid. Fruit. subglobose, c. 2.5 cm diam. when fresh, smooth, succulent, greenish or yellowish-white; endocarp massive, woody, 6-ridged, tardily dehiscent, c. 2 mm thick. Seeds somewhat unequal, trigonous or plano-convex, 4-6 x 2.5-3 x 2-3 mm, 3 smooth, dark chestnut-brown.
 
 
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