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Project Name Data (Last Modified On 9/26/2013)
 

Flora Data (Last Modified On 9/26/2013)
Species Diociea guianensis Benth.
PlaceOfPublication Comm. Legum. Gen. 70. 1837. (Ann. Wiener Mus. Naturgesch. 2: 134. 1839.)
Note TYPE: Guyana Parima Mts., Schomburgk 83 (K, holotype; G, F, US, W, isotypes).
Synonym Diociea panamensis Duchass. & Walpers ex Walpers, Flora 36: 229. 1853. TYPE: Panama, Duchassaing (GOET), non Seemann (1880). Diociea comosa (Meyer) Kuntze var. panamensis (Walpers) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. P1. 1: 179. 1891. TYPE: Panama, Kuntze 691 (NY). Vines of open areas and forest edges; stems with fuscous pubescence. Leaves with leaflets lanceolate, rhomboid to oblong, 7-10 x 4-6 cm, the apex acute, pubescent or glabrous above, usually pubescent below, chartaceous, obtuse at the base, the laterals oblique, primary lateral veins in ca. 6 pairs; petioles 4-6 cm long, with the rachis 1-7 mm long, densely puberulent, the stipels to 2 mm long; stipules triangulate, ca. 3 mm long, not produced. Inflorescences slender, to ca. 60 cm long, flowering ca. 1/2 the length, the tubercles sessile or short clavate with globose heads, indumentum canescent fuscous; bracts narrowly ovate to trian- gular, ca. 3 x 2 mm, usually persistent; bracteoles ovate, ca. 3 x 2 mm, mostly persistent; pedicels 2-5 mm long. Flowers 1.5-2.0 cm long, the calyx tube 6-10 mm long, membranous, sparsely sub-strigose without, canescent velutinous or subtomentose within, the upper calyx teeth fused, entire, the upper lobe obtuse, to ca. 9 mm long, the lateral lobes acute to lanceolate, to ca. 8 mm long, the lower lobe linear lanceolate to lanceolate, to ca. 9 mm long; standard orbicular or obovate, membranous, puberulent apically, bicallose or ecallose, 10-20 mm long, weakly biauriculate with a claw 2-7 mm long, the wings obliquely obovate, 10-22 mm long, usually spurred, the claw 3-6 mm long, the keel obliquely oblong, 10-18 mm long, 4-9 mm wide distally, weakly auriculate, the claw ca. 4 mm long, the upper margin variously serrate medially, not rostrate; staminal sheath and pistil subsigmoidal, the anthers perfect, monomorphic; ovary 8-12 mm long, ca. 1.3 mm wide, short stipitate, canescent or sub-velutinous, 8-13-ovulate, the style glabrous, ca. 6 mm long. Fruits compressed, oblong, ca. 10 x 1.0-1.4 x 0.4 cm, the upper suture paralleled by thin wings or slightly thicker ribs, the lower swollen; seeds 5-11, flat, elliptic oblong, 7-12 x 4-6 x 2 mm, hard, reddish brown, frequently maculate, the hilum encircling nearly 1/2 the testa.
Distribution distributed through Central America into Mexico, north- ern and northwestern South America, as well as Trinidad.
Note The type of Dioclea guianensis has small flowers. Panamanian specimens show a size ranging from over 1.5 cm to slightly over 2 cm in length. As the flower size increases the orbicular standard shape becomes oblong or obovate and the wings tend to assume shapes oblanceolate rather than obliquely oblong, but the spur or the protuberance opposite the auricle tends to remain. Panamanian material also shows a pubescence on the undersurface of the leaflets that is sparse and erect rather than the denser appressed to dense sericeous pubescence of some Guyanan specimens. There are variants in Belize with flowers approaching 3 cm long that I have not seen in Panama. Pittier in 1944 and afterwards attempted to segregate several species from the D. guianensis complex, but he did not supply Latin diagnoses for the names, leaving them not validly published. After an extensive study of the specimens he examined, I conclude that to recognize these taxa is untenable taxonomically and would serve no useful purpose. Our primary area of disagreement is in the weight placed on flower size and indumentum. I place little weight on these characters because of the tremendous variance present. All the D. guianensis specimens I have seen from Panama can be grouped under var. guianensis sensu lato. Dioclea guianensis can be separated from D. virgata by its ovate bracteoles, pubescent calyx, serrate upper keel margin, and smaller, narrower fruits. Dioclea guianensis is distinguished from D. paniculata in its more open habitat, habit, larger flower size, serrate upper keel margin, papyraceous leaflets, somewhat oblong seed shape, and linear hilum.
Specimen WITHOUT EXACT LOCALITY: Duchassaing (GOET, P); Kuntze 691 (NY); Seemann (BM); See- mann 461 (GOET-mounted sheet, mixture in envelope). BOCAS DEL TORO: Rio Changuinola, Dwyer 4078, 5752 (both MO). CANAL ZONE: BARRO COLORADO ISLAND: Croat 4841, 7147 (both MO); Shattuck 134 (MO); Wetmore & Abbe 61 (F); Wilson 123 (MO); Woodworth & Vestal 691 (LE, MO), 726 (A, MO). Pedro Miguel, Allen I (BR, G, F, MO, U). Between Miraflores & Panama, Blum 2069 (FSU, MO). Cerro Anc6n, Celestine 74 (US). Dirt road to Chiva-Chiva town, Correa 493 (FSU, MO). Gaillard Highway NW of Summit Gardens, Croat 8883 (MO). 2.5 mi N of Summit Gardens, Croat 12833 (F, MO). Gaillard Highway near Gamboa, Croat 13139 (MO). 1-2 mi NW of Summit Gardens, Croat 13917, 14045 (both MO). K-10, Duke 15194 (MO). Fort Sherman, beach, Dwyer 6585 (SIU). C-21 Road, Dwyer 8382 (MO, SIU). Anc6n Hill, Greenman & Greenman 5133 (MO). 1/2 mi W of Summit Gardens, Hansen 3008 (MO). Summit, Hayes 9 Feb. 1862 (BM). Empire Station, Hayes 562 (BM, M). Hill W of Curundiu, Harvey 5233 (F). Gamboa, Heriberto 86 (US). Without other locality, Hicken 1907 (SI). Military Road near Summit Gardens, Hladik 133 (MO). Las Cruces trail, Hunter & Allen 766 (G, MO). Without exact location, Johansen Jul. 1924 (US). Gamboa Road, Jones 307 (US). 1/2 mi N of Gamboa, Lazor & Tyson 5659 (MO). 2 mi N on Panamerican Highway towards Nuevo Emperador, Lewis et al. 5222 (MO). Chiva-Chiva Trail 2 mi above Red Tank, Maxon & Harvey 6592 (US). 11/2 mi N of Summit Gardens, Nee 9515 (MO). Between Rodman Marine Base & Chorrera, Nowicke et al. 3578 (MO). Chiva-Chiva Trail Red Tank to Pueblo Nuevo, Piper 5174 (F, NY, US). Empire to Mandinga, Piper 5175 (US). Culebra, Pittier 2148 (US). Between Corozal & Anc6n, Pittier 2176 (NY, US). Summit, Standley 26908 (US). Old Las Cruces Trail between Ft. Clayton & Corozal, Standley 29107 (US). Balboa, Standley 29296 (US). Rio Pedro Miguel near East Paraiso, Standley 30020 (US). Summit, Standley 30097 (A, US). Road K-9 near Rio Cocoli, Stern et al. 31 (MO). Quebrada Bonita, Steyermark & Allen 27 Dec 1934 (MO). 5 mi N of Cocoli, Tyson 3878 (MO). Miraflores Lake, White 192 (MO, US). Anc6n Hill, R. S. Williams 25 (MO, US). BOCAS DEL TORO: Rio Changuinola, Dwyer 4078, 5752 (both MO). CHIRIQUf: Near Remedios, Burt & Koster 166 (MO). 12.4 mi N of David, Lewis et al. 697 (MO, NY, UC, US). Boca Chica, Pittier 5121 (US). COCLE: Ant6n-Penonome roadside, Burt & Rattray 48 (MO). 3 mi NE of Ant6n, D'Arcy 4109 (MO). Penonome, Dwyer 2030 (SIU). 2 mi E of Rio Hondo, along Panamerican Highway, Gentry 2913 (MO). 7.5 mi from Penonome towards Caimito, McDaniel & Cook 14816 (MO). Penomone, R. S. Williams 365 (NY, US). COL6N: Rio Chagres, above Gamboa, Allen 4149 (G, MO). Calzada Larga, de Gracia 11 (MO). PANAMA: Campana, Allen 4033 (G, MO). Cerro Azul, Cotterman & Klawe P-15 (MO, US). Isla del Rey, Duke 9563 (MO). Between Rio Sulugandi & Rio Espav6, Gentry 4983 (MO). Lidice near the river, Jaramillo 14 (FSU). Savanas of Rio Yguana, J. F. Macbride 2630 (F, US). Panamerican Highway at Continental Divide, Nee 8289 (MO, US). Sabanas N of Panama City, Paul 600 (US). La Chorrera, Paz 20 (MO). Bella Vista, Piper 5176 (US). Sabana de Juan Corso near Chepo, Pittier 4741 (BM, NY, US). Cerro Campana, Porter et al. 4298 (MO). Between Rio Pacora & Chepo, Porter et al. 5159 (MO). Punta Paitilla, Standley 26228 (US). Juan Franco Race Track, Standley 27767 (US). Rio Tapia, Standley 28182 (US). Matias Herndndez, Standley 28912 (US). Tumba Muerto Road, Standley 29786 (US). Juan Diaz, Standley 30551 (US). Between Matias Herndndez & Juan Diaz, Standley 32010 (US). Road to Monte Oscuro, Varela 26 (MO).
 
 
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