Home Iridaceae of sub-Saharan Africa
Genera
Species
Iridaceae in sub-Saharan Africa
Photo Gallery
Geographic Search
References
Search Builder
About this project
!Gladiolus oliganthus Baker Search in The Plant ListSearch in IPNISearch in Australian Plant Name IndexSearch in NYBG Virtual HerbariumSearch in Muséum national d'Histoire naturelleSearch in Type Specimen Register of the U.S. National HerbariumSearch in Virtual Herbaria AustriaSearch in JSTOR Plant ScienceSearch in SEINetSearch in African Plants Database at Geneva Botanical GardenAfrican Plants, Senckenberg Photo GallerySearch in Flora do Brasil 2020Search in Reflora - Virtual HerbariumSearch in Living Collections Decrease font Increase font Restore font
 

Published In: Flora of Tropical Africa 7: 576. 1898. (Fl. Trop. Afr.) Name publication detailView in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 1/22/2017)
Acceptance : Accepted
Taxon Profile     (Last Modified On 1/22/2017)
Description: Plants 300–600(–800) mm high, with green cataphylls. Corm 18–24 mm diam.; tunics of brittle membranous layers, the outer irregularly broken or often fibrous, light brown. Leaves contemporary with the flowers, as far as known, but sometimes very short, 3 to 5, lower 2 or 3 basal or nearly so, usually laminate, blades narrowly lanceolate to nearly linear, 5–10 mm wide, about 1/3 as long to nearly as long as spike, firm-textured with moderately raised and thickened main vein and margins, upper 1 to 2, sometimes 3, leaves cauline and largely or entirely sheathing, often imbricate; sometimes all leaves with vestigial blades 20–30 mm long or blades entirely lacking. Stem unbranched, 3–6 mm diam. below first flower. Spike (2–)3- to 7(–10)-flowered; bracts pale green, fairly soft-textured, evidently becoming dry above, 28–32(–35) mm long, inner somewhat shorter than outer. Flowers pale yellow to cream, without nectar guides; perianth tube 18–25 mm long, nearly cylindric and curving outward in upper half; tepals unequal, 3 upper broadly elliptic to obovate, dorsal largest, 30–35 x 15–18 mm, arched over stamens, upper laterals about as long, but somewhat narrower, directed forward, lower 3 tepals curving downward, 20–25(–30) x 8–12 mm, lowermost about as long as upper laterals, lower laterals shortest. Filaments 12–16 mm long, reaching mouth of tube or exserted 1–2 mm; anthers 8–12 mm long, appressed to upper tepal, pale yellow. Ovary oblong, 6–8 mm long; style arched overstamens, dividing near apex of anthers, branches c. 4.5 mm long. Capsules narrowly obovoid, (18–)20–24 mm long, c. 12 mmdiam. at widest; seeds unknown. Flowering time: early December to late February, rarely into March.
Country: Tanzania
Distribution and ecology: restricted to southern tropical Africa, where it occurs in southern Tanzania, and possibly Malawi and eastern Zambia, although there are no records yet from either of those two latter countries; in boggy grassland and dambos, a typical habitat for G. melleri and one in which G. dalenii also sometimes found. The foliage leaves are generally present by the time flowering takes place although they may be fairly short, and in some plants, even in the same population, leaves may have short blades or lack them entirely.
Diagnosis: a relatively modest stature but fairly large pale yellow flowers with downcurved lower tepals, the lower laterals of which are smallest, filaments included or barely exserted from the tube, and a perianth tube 18–25 mm long are characteristic of Gladiolus oliganthus. In addition, it usually has well-developed laminate foliage leaves on the flowering stem, although plants that flower early in the season, in December, may lack foliage leaves. Gladiolus oliganthus is most easily confused with G. melleri, which has a similar though somewhat smaller flower, but always a red to pink perianth and consistently included filaments. Of similar stature and general appearance, G. melleri has foliage leaves produced from separate shoots on the large corms later in the season, usually after the rains have begun. In G. oliganthus the leaves of the flowering stem may be fairly short or well developed, but rarely (e.g., Bullock 1969) plants appear to produce additional leaves on separate shoots. Confusion with G. dalenii is possible but can be avoided if the flowers are carefully examined. In G. dalenii the filaments are always well exserted from the tube and the lowermost tepal is substantially shorter than the upper three, whereas in both G. melleri and G. oliganthus the lowermost tepal is about as long as the upper lateral tepals.

 


 

Specimens whose coordinates are enclosed in square brackets [ ] have been mapped to a standard reference mark based on political units.
 
 
© 2024 Missouri Botanical Garden - 4344 Shaw Boulevard - Saint Louis, Missouri 63110