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(Last Modified On 3/21/2013)
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(Last Modified On 3/21/2013)
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Species
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Buddleja americana L.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Sp. PI. 112, 1753.-Fig. 3.
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Description
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Shrub or small tree 2-5(-10) m high, the new growth herbaceous and pos- sessing a tomentum of grayish-white stellate trichomes, the older branches be- coming glabrous and developing brownish bark. Leaves with petioles 2-20 mm long; blades quite variable in shape but generally lanceolate to broadly lance- ovate or lance-elliptic, membranous, apically acute or acuminate, basally attenuate to obtuse, often decurrent along thte petiole basally, (3-)6-22 cm long, 1.8-9 cm broad, usually serrate or serrulate (infrequently entire), the lower surface with a rather loose vesture of stellate trichomes 0.4-1 mm broad underlaid by smaller glandular trichomes, the upper surface glabrous or with scattered stellate trichomes, the midvein raised beneath, the secondaries 8-18 in number, arcuate-ascending, anastomosing, the tertiaries reticulate, usually apparent. Inflorescences condensed- paniculate, 4.5-25 cm long, branching at the base, typically with only 1 or 2 orders of branching, the cymules compressed, subsessile or short-pedunculate, borne in a racemose and generally opposite fashion on the floriferous stalks, attaining a diam of 6-17 mm and containing 3-10 flowers. Flowers sessile or with pedicels to 1.5 mm; calyx funnelform-campanulate, externally stellate-pubescent, the tube 1.5-2.5 mm long, the lobes 1.3-2.5 mm long, lanceolate; corolla yellow or white, funnelform, stellate-pubescent externally, internally with a conspicuous V-shaped or cresent-shaped band of simple unicellular pitted trichomes on the lobes (the in- dividual trichomes 0.4-1 mm long), glabrous in the tube, the tube 2-3 mm long, the lobes 2-3 mm long, lanceolate or slightly ovate-lanceolate, valvate in bud; anthers 0.7-1 mm long, narrowly ovate or oblong, the filaments adnate to the corolla-tube up to the throat, the free-portion less than 1 mm long; ovary 1.5-3 mm long, ovoid, ex- ternally stellate-pubescent, the ovules so per locule, the style to 1 mm long, the stigma ca 1 mm long, apically emarginate, the placenta an axial column to 1 mm broad remaining attached basally after dehiscence of the capsule. Capsules nar- rowly ovoid or subcylindrical, 3.5-6 mm long; seeds slender-elongate, compressed, winged at each pole, 0.8-1.3 mm long.
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Distribution
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In her monograph of the North American species of the genus Buddleia, Norman (loc. cit. 84) states that B. americana is the most widely distributed of the New World species. "Its range is from Tamaulipas in Mexico south through Central America and down the western coast of South America to Bolivia. It also includes the islands of Jamaica and Cuba." This species is known from a wide variety of habitats, including coastal lowlands and cloud forests.
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Specimen
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CANAL ZONE: Cocoli I, vic of Miraflores Lake, White 294 (MO). CHIRIQUI: lianos on slopes of Volcan de Chiriqui Viejo & along Rio Chiriqui Viejo, Allen 967 (MO); trail from Paso Ancho to Monte Lirio, upper valley of Rio Chiriqui Viejo, Allen 1470 (F, MO, US); El Boquete, Bajo Mono, Davidson 458 (F, MO, US); forests around El Boquete, Pittier 2888 (US); Chiriqui Viejo Valley, White 105 (F, MO).
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