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Project Name Data (Last Modified On 11/19/2012)
 

Flora Data (Last Modified On 11/19/2012)
Species PIPER RETICULATUM L.
PlaceOfPublication Sp. P1. 1:29. 1753.
Synonym Piper smilacifolium H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1:56. 1815. Piper latum H.B.K. loc. cit. 57. 1815. Enckea smilacifolia Kunth, in Linnaea 13:605. 1839. Enckea lata Kunth, loc. cit. 606. 1839. Enckea reticulate Miq. Syst. Pip. 365. 1843. Macropiper latum Presl, Epim. Bot. 223. 1849. Piper Duchassaingii C.DC. in DC. Prodr. 161:251. 1869.
Description A glabrous shrub or small tree up to 4-6 m. tall; branches slender, nodose; leaves elliptic, elliptic-ovate, or broadly ovate, 8-15 cm. wide X 15-25 cm. long or occasionally up to 25 cm. wide X 30 cm. long, apex acuminate, base essentially equilateral, more or less acute, truncited, or in large leaves shallowly cordate, palmately 5- to 7-nerved, or larger leaves 9-nerved, the nerves prominent beneath, reticulate-veiny with rather prominent cross-connecting nervules, drying firin and chartaceous; petiole 1-2 cm. long, glabrate or very obscurely puberulent-papillate, grooved above, vaginate near the base; spikes 5-6 mm. thick and up to 10 or 12 or occasionally 15 cm. long when mature; peduncle slender, 1-2 cm. long; rachis with membranous, fimbriated ridges; bracts peltately dilated upward, pedicel and margin bearded; stamens 4; fruit obovoid, somewhat 4-sided, papillate, with an apical, smooth, disc-like area, stigmas 3 or 4, rounded.
Habit shrub tree
Distribution West Indies and on the mainland from Central America through northern South America.
Specimen BOCAS DEL TORO: Lower Changuinola River, Stork 5o. CHIRIQUI: Progreso, Cooper t Slater I85. CANAL ZONE: along Cafio Quebrado, Pittier 6986; around Gamboa, alt. 40-80 m., Pittier 3778; between Gorgona and Gatuin, alt. 10-50 m., Pittier 2279; near Gatuin, Standley 2720I; Mamei Hill, alt. 20-90 m., Pittier 38ii; near Summit, Standley 25728; Cerro Gordo, near Culebra, Standley 26008; Rio Pedro Miquel, near East Paraiso, Standley 29969; vicinity of Fort Sherman, Standley 30959; Barro Colorado Island, Standley 3I267; Miller 2075; Matachin, Kuntze i9i8; Obispo, Standley 3I726; vicinity of Gatuncillo, Piper 5603, 5620; Rio Agua Salud, near Frijoles, Piper 5859, 586o; Empire, Miller I867; Madden Dam Road, Miller I800; along Rio Chagres between Gamboa and Alahuela, alt. 30-60 m., Allen 956. COLON: between France Field and Catival, Standley 30338; along Rio Fato, alt. 10-100 m., Pittier 3872, 3882; Fato, Pittier 3842. PANAMA: Rio Tapia, Standley 26i60, 28035, 2824I; near Tapia River, Juan Diaz region, Maxon d Harvey 665o, 6708; Juan Diaz, Standley 30548; Rio Tecumen, Standley 29363. DARIEN: along Sambu' River, Pittier 5570.
Note The large, glabrous, rather veiny leaves, comparatively short spikes, and especially the prominent glabrous disc at the top of the papillate fruit, characterize this species. There is a wide variation in the size of the leaves.
 
 
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