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(Last Modified On 11/20/2012)
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(Last Modified On 11/20/2012)
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Species
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PIPER AUGUSTUM Rudge
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PlaceOfPublication
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Pl. Guian, Rar. 1:10, PI. 7. 1805.
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Synonym
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Piper anguslum Rudge ex Spreng. Syst. Veg. 1:108. 1825, sphalm. Artanthe augusta Miq. Syst. Pip. 398. 1844. Artanthe calocoma Miq. in Seem. Bot. Voy. Herald, 199. 1854. Piper pedicellare C.DC. in Jour. Bot. 4:211. 1866. Piper calocoma C.DC. in DC. Prodr. 161:264. 1869.
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Description
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A glabrous shrub, 2-3 m. tall, or small tree up to 8 m., branches somewhat nodose, with moderate internodes; leaves elliptic-ovate, 9-15 or 18 cm. wide X 15-35 cm. long, apex acute, base acute or obtusish, usually subequilateral, pinnately nerved throughout, the nerves 10-16 on each side, not strongly curved upward, densely ciliate, strongly glandular-dotted, drying membranous, translucent; petiole 5-10 mm. long or up to 4 cm. on lower leaves; spikes when young 3 mm. thick X 4-5 cm. long, becoming 1-1.5 cm. X 8-12 cm. when mature; peduncle 1-2 or 3 cm. long; bracts sublunate-triangular-subpeltate, marginally yellow-fringed; fruit oblong, compressed-angular, truncate; stigmas sessile.
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Habit
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shrub
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Distribution
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Northern South America and Panama.
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Specimen
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COCLE: Bismarck, above Penonome, alt. 600-900 m., Williams 332, 6ii. CANAL ZONE: in forest along the Rio Indio de Gatuin, Pittier 2790, 2791.
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Subspecific
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PIPER AUGUSTUM var. cocleanum (Trel.) Yuncker
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Synonym
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Piper polyneurum. C.DC. in Candollea 1:270. 1923, name only in index; Schroeder, loc. cit. 3:138. 1926. Piper gatunense Trel. in Contr. U. S. Nat. Herb. 26:27. 1927. Piper ladrillense Trel. loc. cit. 1927. Piper gatunense var. cocleanum Trel. in Ann. Mo. Bot. Gard. 27:292. 1940. Piper gatunense var. latum Trel loc. cit. 1940.
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Description
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Upper internodes sparsely to rather strongly puberulent or pubescent; leaves above from glabrous to rather strongly white-villous, puberulent to villous beneath, at least along the nerves.
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Distribution
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Panama.
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Specimen
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CHIRIQUI: forests along the Rio Ladrillo and vicinity, above El Boquete, alt. 1200-1300 m., Pittier 3I64. COCLE: north rim, vicinity of El Valle de Anton, alt. 600-1000 m., Allen I784, i8o8. CANAL ZONE: Gatiun, Hayes 502; hills north of Frijoles, Standley 27465, 2749I, 27495.
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Note
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This species is to be identified because of its large, strongly pinnately nerved, densely ciliate, glandular-dotted leaves, and thick spikes. The original P. augustum of Rudge, so far as can be determined, was entirely glabrous. Variety cocleanunm has pubescent stems and more strongly pubescent leaves. Standley's Nos. 27465 and 2749i are conspicuously white-villous. No other differences have been noted, however.
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