(Last Modified On 10/22/2012)
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(Last Modified On 10/22/2012)
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Species
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PENNISETUM SETOSUM (Swartz) L. Rich.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Syn. Pl. 1:72. 1805.
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Synonym
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Cenchrus setosus Swartz, Prodr. Veg. Ind. Occ. 26. 1788. Panicum cenchroides L. Rich. Act. Soc. Hist. Nat. Paris 1:106. 1792. Pennisetum purpurascens H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1:113. 1815. Pennisetum uniflorum H.B.K. Nov. Gen. & Sp. 1:114. pl. 34. 1815. Panicum densispica Poir. in Lam. Encycl. Suppl. 4:273. 1816. Panicum triticoides Poir. in Lam. Encycl. Suppl. 4:274. 1816. Setaria cenchroides Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. 2:495. 1817. Pennisetum triticoides Roem. & Schult. Syst. Veg. 2:877. 1817. Gymnothrix geniculata Schult. Mant. 2:284. 1824. Pennisetum alopecuroides Desv. ex Hamilt. Prodr. P1. Ind. Occ. 11. 1825. Pennisetum richardi Kunth, Rev. Gram. 1:49. 1829. Pennisetum sieberi Kunth, Rev. Gram. 1:50. 1829. Pennisetu-m hirsutum Nees, Agrost. Bras. 284. 1829. Pennisetum pallidum Nees, Agrost. Bras. 285. 1829. Pennisetum flavescens Presl, Rel. Haenk. 1:316. 1830. Pennisetum dasistachyum Desv. Opusc. 76. 1831. Pennisetum hamiltonii Steud. Nom. Bot. ed. 2. 2:297. 1841. Pennisetum nicaraguense Fourn. Bull. Soc. Bot. France II. 27:293. 1880. Pennisetum indicum var. purpurascens Kuntze, Rev. Gen. P1. 2:787. 1891.
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Description
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Coarse perennial in large loose clumps; culms erect or ascending, sometimes geniculate at the lower nodes, bearing 1 to several branches from the lower and middle nodes, glabrous; sheaths much short- er than the internodes, usually glabrous or occasionally papillose-hirsute, sometimes cil- iate on the margins near the summit; ligule membranaceous-ciliate, 2-3 mm. long; blades 10-40 cm. long, 4-18 mm. wide, long- acuminate, scabrous to densely papillose- hirsute, papillose-hispid on the margins near the base; panicles 10-25 cm. long, dense, usually somewhat nodding, pale yellow to purple or brown, the axis slender, obscurely scabrous; fascicles ascending, reflexed at maturity, containing 1 spikelet; bristles ap- pressed to the spikelet, unequal, the outer ones slender, shorter than the spikelet, the inner ones stouter, as much as 12 mm. long, densely plumose below, scabrous above; spikelets 3.2-4 mm. long, sessile; first glume minute or obsolete; second glume longer than the sterile lemma, acuminate or ob- scurely lobed; sterile lemma truncate at the apex, the palea well developed and sometimes containing a staminate flower; fruit indurate, 2-3 mm. long, smooth and shining, the lemma and palea ciliate at the apex.
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Distribution
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Savannas and open or brushy slopes, West Indies; Florida and southern Mexico to Bolivia and Brazil.
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Specimen
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CANAL ZONE: Sosa Hill, Balboa, Standley 25238, 26429. PANAMA: Taboga Island, Hitchcock 8095.
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