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(Last Modified On 11/1/2012)
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(Last Modified On 11/1/2012)
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Species
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EICHHORNIA CRASSIPES (Mart.) Solms
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PlaceOfPublication
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DC. Monogr. 4::527. 1883.
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Synonym
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Pontederia crassipes Mart. Nov. Gen. 1:9. 1824. Pontederia azurea Hook. Bot. Mag. p1. 2932. 1829, excl. syn., not P. azurea Sw. Piaropus crassipes (Mart.) Raf. Fl. Tell. 2:81. 1837. Piaropus mesamelas Raf. loc. cit. 1837. Piaropus tricolor Raf. loc. cit. 1837. Eichhornia speciosa Kunth, Enum. P1. 4:131. 1843. Heteranthera forimosa Miq. Linnaea 17:61. 1843. Pontederia elongata Balf. Proc. Bot. Soc. Edinb. 1855:50. 1855. Eichhornia crassicaulis Schlecht. Abh. Nat. Ges. Halle 6:177. 1862. Pontederia crassicaulis Schlecht. loc. cit. 1862. Piaropus crassipes (Mart.) Britton, Ann. N. Y. Acad. 7:241. 1893. Eichhornia cordifolia Gandog. Bull. Soc. Bot. Fr. 66:294. 1920.
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Description
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Floating plants with short, condensed stems and many long, pendant, plumose roots inserted at the stem base; new plants arising through branching and often remaining attached to the parent plant for considerable lengths of time. Leaves with expanded orbicular blades up to 8 cm. broad, and stipulate petioles 2-30 cm. long, petioles excessively inflated in short-petioled leaves, scarcely inflated in very long-petioled leaves. Inflorescence 4-15 cm. long, lightly pubescent with gland- tipped hairs, 4- to 14-flowered. Spathe sub-ensheathing the showy spicate inflores- cence. Flowers lavender, 4-6 cm. long, upper petal with a darker purple-blue blotch bearing a yellow spot in the center; tube narrow, about 1.6 cm. long; sepals slightly narrower than the petals; stamens unequal, the 3 longer well ex- serted, the 3 shorter scarcely extending beyond the tube; filaments glandular- pubescent, adnate to the tube, those of the longer stamens about 2 cm. long, those of the shorter about 0.5 cm. long; anthers linear-oblong, 2-lobed, versatile, about 2.5 mm. long; style elongate with a mop-like capitate stigma. Ovary 3-carpellary, many-ovulate. Seeds 1.2 mm. long, 0.5-0.6 mm. wide.
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Distribution
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United States to Paraguay and the Antilles. Naturalized throughout the tropics of the world.
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Note
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The Water Hyacinth multiplies to such an extent that it frequently chokes waterways and becomes a menace to navigation.
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Specimen
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BOCAS DEL TORO: vicinity of Chiriqui Lagoon, von Wedel 4I5. CANAL ZONE: Gatuin Lake, Allen 1965. CHIRIQUi: swamp, Boquete, alt. 3800 ft., Davidson 6I3; Woodson d ScherY 743.
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