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Published In: Species Plantarum 2: 832. 1753. (1 May 1753) (Sp. Pl.) Name publication detailView in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 8/11/2017)
Acceptance : Accepted
Project Data     (Last Modified On 7/9/2009)
Status: Native

 

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7. Bidens frondosa L. (beggar-ticks, sticktight)

Pl. 274 a, b; Map 1155

Plants annual, terrestrial, usually with taproots. Stems 15–80(–120) cm, erect or ascending, glabrous or inconspicuously pubescent with sparse, cobwebby hairs, mostly at the nodes. Leaves all more or less similar, short- to more commonly long-petiolate, opposite, the blade 3–12 cm long, broadly ovate-triangular in outline, all except rarely those of the uppermost leaves 1 time ternately or pinnately divided or compound with 3–5 segments or discrete leaflets, these lanceolate to narrowly ovate, angled or tapered at the base, each with a well-developed stalk (this sometimes narrowly winged), tapered to a sharply pointed tip, the margins usually sharply and finely to coarsely toothed, sometimes minutely hairy, the surfaces glabrous or the undersurface sparsely to moderately pubescent with minute, fine hairs. Inflorescences of solitary terminal heads or appearing in loose, open clusters or small panicles, the heads discoid or apparently discoid, rarely nodding at fruiting. Involucre with the outer series of 5–8 bracts 5–25(–50) mm long, ascending to spreading, leaflike, linear to narrowly oblong-oblanceolate or narrowly oblanceolate, the margins entire but with short, spreading hairs, at least toward the base, the outer surface glabrous or sparsely and minutely hairy, especially toward the base; the inner series of 6–12 bracts 5–9 mm long, oblong to narrowly ovate or ovate, glabrous. Chaffy bracts narrowly oblong to oblong-lanceolate, with narrow to broad, yellowish margins but sometimes purplish-tinged at the tip. Ray florets absent or 1–5, the corolla inconspicuous, 2–4 mm long, yellow. Disc florets 20–100(–150), the corollas 2.5–4.0 mm long, yellow. Pappus of 2 awns 2–7 mm long, these with downward-pointed barbs (upward-pointed elsewhere), erect to somewhat spreading at fruiting. Fruits 5–12 mm long, wedge-shaped to oblong-obovate, often slightly 3- or 4-angled (1 or both faces sometimes with a broad, low longitudinal angle or ridge), the angles with minute, stiff, usually ascending hairs, the faces dark brown to black, moderately to densely pubescent with fine, more or less appressed hairs. 2n=24, 48, 72. August–October.

Scattered nearly throughout the state (U.S. [including Alaska], Canada; introduced in Europe). Banks of streams and rivers, bottomland forests, margins of ponds, lakes, and sinkhole ponds, swamps, sloughs, marshes, and fens; also ditches, fallow fields, railroads, roadsides, and moist, open, disturbed areas.

This variable species can be difficult to distinguish from B. vulgata.

 


 

 
 
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