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Published In: Species Plantarum 2: 794. 1753. (1 May 1753) (Sp. Pl.) Name publication detailView in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 5/13/2022)
Acceptance : Accepted
Project Data     (Last Modified On 9/11/2020)
Contributor Text: A. Ghafoor
Contributor Institution: Centre for Plant Conservation, University of Karachi – Pakistan
Synonym Text:

Sonchus italicus Spreng., Syst. Veg. 3: 651. 1826; S. pectinatus DC., Prodr. 7: 186. 1838; S. tenuifolius Nutt. in Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc., Ser. 2, 7: 438. 1841; S. tenerrimus var. glandulosus Lange in Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn, ser. 2 3: 100. 1861.

Flower/Fruit:

Fl. Per.: January-July                 Vern.: Nakar (Shina), Clammy sowthistle (Engl.)

Type:

Lectotype: Described from Montpellier, S. France and Florence. Herb. Linn. 949.9. (LINN) (designated by Boulos in Bot. Not, 126:158. 1973).

Distribution:

North Africa (Canary Islands eastwards to Egypt), East Africa (Sudan, Ethiopia), Mediterranean Europe , Middle East, Turkey, Iran, Pakistan; introduced Australia, North America (California, Mexico) and South America (Argentina, S. Chile, Juan Fernandez Is.).

Comment/Acknowledgements:

Occurs in  sandy and sandy clay soils, common near water channels, muddy areas and in cultivated fields as weed between 100 to 2500 m. 

Map Location:

B-7 Gilgit Dist.: Ghaimash, Karimabad, 30 cm tall, erect, perennial herb, infrequent, 2320 m, 20.6.2001, J. Alam & N. Alam 22a, 22b (KUH); ibid, ligules yellow, perennial herb, vern. Nakar, common, 2300 m, 10.6.2003, J. Alam 1706, 1723 (KUH); D-4 Ziarat Dist.: c. 10 km from Wam Killi on way to Ziarat, ligules yellow, 16.5.1984, S. Omer & A. Ghafoor 1476 (KUH); G-2 Kalamu, coast of Balochistan, Pierce s. n (K); G-5 Mirpur Khas Dist.: Khipro, 35 miles from Mirpur Khas, ligules yellow, 22.1.1970, S. Abedin, S. I. Ali & S. A. Farooqi  4304 (KUH).


 

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Annual to perennial, 10 – 80   cm  tall, glabrous herb with simple or branched, sulcate stem, leafy to the inflorescence, often purplish or reddish-tinged  towards base,. Leaves sessile, basal and lower cauline oblong, 5 – 20 (-25) x 2 – 9 (-10) cm, glabrous-glaucous on both sides,  deeply pinnatisect into several  pairs of linear-lanceolate, basally constricted, entire or denticulate, acute lobes; middle and upper stem leaves basally amplexicaul, with acute-acuminate projecting auricles,  narrowly lanceolate, pinnatisect into  entire, somewhat linear to filiform lobes. Capitula 1.5 – 2.5  cm across, on 1 – 2 cm long, mostly  glandulose peduncles, borne in corymbose synflorescence. Involucre campanulate at anthesis, 9 – 12 x 6 – 9 mm, mostly arachnoid at base. Phyllaries 25-30, glabrous or thinly glandulose, outer ones narrowly deltoid, 3.5 – 4 x c. 1.5mm, acute, inner phyllaries  linear-lanceolate, 8 – 12  x 1.5 – 1.75 mm, subobtuse. Florets with 6 – 7 mm long, apically hairy corolla tube and 3.5 – 4 mm long yellow ligules.. Cypselas light brown, narrowly obovoid,  3.25 – 3.5 x 0.5 – 1 mm,  abruptly contracted at base, moderately compressed, longitudinally 3- ribbed on each side, finely and prominently rugose or tubercled between the  ribs.  Pappus white, setae 6 – 8  mm long, persistent.

 
 
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