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(Last Modified On 6/20/2013)
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(Last Modified On 6/20/2013)
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Species
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Cirsium subcoriaceum (Less.) Schultz-Bip.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Bot. Voy. Herald 312. 1856.
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Synonym
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Carduus subcoriaceus Less., Linnaea 5: 130. 1830. TYPE: Mexico, "in monte Macultepec per. Jalapam," Schiede & Deppe 265 (281 assigned herbarium number, HAL). Cirsium heterolepis Benth., P1. Hartw. 87. 1841. TYPE: Guatemala, "in montibus Mixco," Hartweg 596 (K). Cirsium maximum Benth., P1. Hartw. 289. 1848. TYPE: Mexico, "in montibus Santa Rosa," Hartweg 1837 (K). Cnicus heterolepis (Benth.) A. Gray, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts 10: 44. 18,74. Cnicus subcoriaceus (Less.) Hemsley, Biol. C'entr. Amer., Bot. 2: 252. 1881. Cnicus pinnatisectus Klatt, Bot. Beibl. Leopoldina 1895: 8. 1895. TYPE: Costa Rica, "Paramos de l'adejonal," 1900 m, Tonduz 7791 (GH). Cirsium pinnatisectum (Klatt) Petrak, Beih. Bot. Centralbl. 27: 236. 1910.
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Description
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Annual herbs, 10-40 cm tall; stems simple below, branching above, densely tomentose when young, the tomentum becoming floccose with age. Lower leaves to 40 cm long and 25 cm wide, the sinus depth to 90% of the leaf width; upper leaves to 25 cm long and 6 cm wide, less divided than the lower leaves; the leaf bases clasping, tomentose beneath, glabrous or with a thin tomentum above, the marginal spines 5-12 mm long, usually longest toward the base of the upper leaves. Inflorescence of terminal heads borne singly or in clusters. Heads with the involucre 8-19-seriate, 4.5-6 cm tall, 3-4 cm across the base, the outer involucral bracts 25-30 mm long, 4.5-5 mm wide at the base, tapering to a 4-5 mm long spine, spiny along the margin, without a glutinous dorsal ridge, arachnoid-pubescent along the margins, the innermost bracts 40-50 mm long, 1-3 mm wide, tapering and twisted near the tip, erose; corolla pale yellow, 43-53 mm long, the lobes 23-28 mm long, the anthers pink to yellow, 13-16 mm long, the style purple, 53-65 mm long, the branches 2-2.5 mm long. Achenes 5-7 mm long, 2 mm in diam.; pappus 28-33 mm long.
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Habit
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herbs
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Note
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This species usually flowers from January through March (one specimen collected in June). The description here is based mainly on Costa Rican plants. It is possible that the earliest correct name for this taxon is Cirsium cernuum Lag., Gen. Sp. P1. Nov. 24. 1816. The original description, although short, suggests specimens examined. This thistle was described from cultivated material grown at the Jardin Botanico, Madrid, but type material has not been located.
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Specimen
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CHIRIQUI: Upper valley of Rio Chiriqui Viejo, Allen 1588 (MO). 2.7 mi NW of Rio Chiriqui Viejo, W of Cerro Punta, Croat 22352 (MO). Volcaln de Chiriqui, Woodson & Schery 467 (MO). Cerro Punta, Blaisdell 358 (FSU).
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