Accepted By:
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Abrams, L.R. 1944. Buckwheats to Kramerias. 2: 1–635. In L.R. Abrams (ed.) Ill. Fl. Pacific States. Stanford University Press, Stanford.
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Cronquist, A. J., N. H. Holmgren & P. K. Holmgren. 1997. Vascular plants of the intermountain west, U.S.A., subclass Rosidae (except Fabales). 3A: 1–446. In A. J. Cronquist, A. H. Holmgren, N. H. Holmgren, J. L. Reveal & P. K. Holmgren (eds.) Intermount. Fl.. Hafner Pub. Co., New York.
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Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York.
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Flora of North America Editorial Committee. 2014. Magnoliophyta: Picramniaceae to Rosaceae. 9: i–xxiv, 1–713. In Fl. N. Amer.. Oxford University Press, New York.
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Gleason, H. A. & A. J. Cronquist. 1991. Man. Vasc. Pl. N.E. U.S. (ed. 2) i–910. New York Botanical Garden, Bronx.
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Hickman, J. C. 1993. The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California 1–1400. University of California Press, Berkeley.
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Hitchcock, C. L., A. J. Cronquist, F. M. Ownbey & J. W. Thompson. 1961. Saxifragaceae to Ericaceae. Part III: 614pp. In C. L. Hitchcock Vasc. Pl. Pacif. N.W.. University of Washington Press, Seattle.
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Munz, P. A. 1974. Fl. S. Calif. 1–1086. University of California Press, Berkeley.
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Munz, P. A. & D. D. Keck. 1959. Cal. Fl. 1–1681. University of California Press, Berkeley.
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Radford, A. E., H. E. Ahles & C. R. Bell. 1968. Man. Vasc. Fl. Carolinas i–lxi, 1–1183. University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill.
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Scoggan, H. J. 1978. Dicotyledoneae (Saururaceae to Violaceae). 3: 547–1115. In Fl. Canada. National Museums of Canada, Ottawa.
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Voss, E. G. 1985. Michigan Flora. Part II Dicots (Saururaceae-Cornaceae). Bull. Cranbrook Inst. Sci. 59. xix + 724.
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