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(Last Modified On 9/18/2013)
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(Last Modified On 9/18/2013)
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Species
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Wittmackanthus stanleyanus (Schomb.) Kuntze
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PlaceOfPublication
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Rev. Gen. 1: 302. 1891.
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Synonym
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Calyocophyllum stanleyanum Schomb., J. Bot. 3: 622. 1844. TYPE: Guyana, Schomburgk 3561411 B (K, not seen; photo, MO; NY, isotype). Pallasia stanleyana (Schomb.) Klotzsch, Monatsber. Konigl. Preuss. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 498. 1853. Rondeletia dukei Dwyer & Hayden, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 54: 144. 1967. TYPE: Panama, Duke 8329 (MO, holotype; NY, isotype).
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Description
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Shrubs or trees, the branchlets purple or red, glabrous but often ciliolate above the nodes. Leaves elliptic oblong or widely oblong, 4-13 cm long, 2.0-5.5 cm wide, deltoid, acute, obtuse or rounded at the apex, if acuminate the acumen to 1 cm, cuneate at the base, the costa slender, prominulous beneath, the lateral veins ca. 9, widely arcuate, patulous, forming an undulate vein near the margin or the submarginal vein not conspicuous, the intervenal areas reticulate, stiffly membranous to chartaceous, glabrous or hirsute on the costa beneath, drying grey, the margin delicately callose; petioles 1.0-4.5 cm long, wiry, stiff, glabrous, drying black; stipules triangular, to 0.6 cm long, to 0.4 cm wide, acute, glabrate or golden pubescent. Inflorescences terminal or axillary, spikelike, cymose; pe- duncle to 6.5 cm long, ca. 0.1 cm wide, glabrous, minutely farinose, the flowers either solitary or disposed in few flowered, well-spaced clusters. Flowers sessile or pedicellate, the pedicels to 0.3 cm long; hypanthium subrotund, ca. 1.5 mm long, densely appressed golden pilose; calycine lobes 5, oblong rotund, ca. 2 mm long, about as long as wide, the margin thin, ciliolate, the lowermost flowers with 1 or 2 calycine lobes expanded as a wide foliose ovate blade, to 4 cm long, obtuse, drying yellow; corolla white, the tube slender, to 5.5 mm long, ca. 0.8 mm wide in the middle, carnose, densely puberulent outside, sparsely ciliate at the mouth within, the lobes 5, oblong, 2-3 mm long, pubescent inside and out, obtuse, spreading at anthesis; stamens 5, the anthers oblong, 1.0-1.5 mm long, sagittate basally, versatile, the filaments unequal, as long as the anthers, attached at the mouth; ovarian disc shallow, doughnut shaped, the style slender, ca. 9 mm long, expanded just below the stigma, the latter saucer shaped, ca. 0.5 mm wide. Fruits sessile, narrowly oblong, to 1.2 cm long, to 0.4 cm wide, covered with a gray indumentum, somewhat plano compressed; seeds membranous, drying yellow, fusiform, to 5.5 mm long.
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Habit
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Shrubs or trees
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Distribution
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known from Panama, Guyana, Colombia, and Peru.
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Note
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Steyermark and Kirkbride (1975) reduced Rondeletia dukei Dwyer & Hay- den to synonomy under Wittmackanthus stanleyanus. They note: "The type collection of R. dukei from Panama has blades obtuse to rounded at the apex, but may have been collected from an abnormal plant. Finally, the size of the leaf blades is quite variable and has no taxonomic significance."
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Specimen
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DARIEN: Rio Pirre, Duke 8329 (MO, NY). Rio Tuquesa, at the middle Tuquesa Mining Company Camp called Charco Peje, tropical wet forest, ca. 250 m, Mori 7001 (MO).
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