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(Last Modified On 8/12/2013)
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(Last Modified On 8/12/2013)
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Species
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Zanthoxylum procerum Donnell Smith
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PlaceOfPublication
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Bot. Gaz. 23: 4. 1897.
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Note
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SYNTYPES: Costa Rica, Tonduz 2348, 9920; Donnell Smith 6469 (all F?, none seen).
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Description
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Trees, 4.5-15.0 m high; trunks armed with basally rounded prickles, the branches armed with short prickles, the branchlets glandular punctate and with numerous minute peltate scales, minutely puberulent, becoming glabrate. Leaves even-pinnate, 5.5-71.5 cm long; petiole and rachis glandular punctate and with numerous minute peltate scales, rarely armed with small brownish prickles; leaflets (2-)6-16, opposite, narrowly elliptic to ovate or obovate, abruptly acu- minate apically, acute, slightly inequilateral and decurrent basally, the margins crenulate and revolute, the blade pellucid punctate only marginally at the bases of the crenations, with numerous minute peltate scales on both the surfaces, 7.5-21.0 cm long, 23-72 mm wide, the petiolules 5-9 mm long. Staminate panicles corymbose, axillary or terminal, highly branched, spreading, to 13 cm long, the branches minutely puberulent, glandular punctate and with numerous minute peltate scales. Staminate flowers white; calyx 3-lobed, the lobes triangular, obtuse; petals 3, elliptic, ca. 2 mm long, 1 mm wide; stamens 3, exserted, 3 mm long; ovary ovoid, less than 1 mm in diameter, the styles connate, less than 1 mm long. Carpellate panicles corymbose, axillary or terminal, spreading, 12.0-19.5 cm long, crowded at the ends of the branches. Carpellate flowers with the pedicels ca. 1 mm long in fruit; calyx 3-lobed, the lobes triangular, acute, less than 1 mm long. Follicles 1, globose, brownish, glandular punctate, densely covered with minute peltate scales, 5 mm long, short stipitate; seeds globose, purplish black, minutely dotted, 3 mm in diameter.
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Habit
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Trees
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Distribution
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ranges from southern Mexico to Panama.
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Note
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In Panama, it is known to flower in February, March, and May and to fruit in March and June through September. Zanthoxylum procerum is a species of monsoon forest, evergreen seasonal forest, and cloud forest. Unlike Z. belizense, Z. panamense, and Z. setulosum, the other widespread species on the Isthmus, it appears to occur with equal frequency on both sides of the Continental Divide. Common names reported for Z. procerum are: alcabui (Cooper & Slater 162, 231; Duke 10254); ikor (Duke 14457); and lagarto (Cooper & Slater 231). There are many comments on herbarium labels on the strong odor of leaves, flowers, fruits, and cut wood.
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Specimen
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CANAL ZONE: Pipeline Road, Correa A. & Haines 535 (MO); Croat 12758 (MO, SCZ). Maru Towers, Johnston 1715 (A, MO). Pipeline Road, Lao et al. 23 (MO). Between Ft. Davis and Coco Solo Hospital, Tyson 6811 (MO). BARRO COLORADO ISLAND: Croat 5847 (MO), 11670,12189 (both MO, SCZ), 17372 (MO); Ebinger 24 (MO, US); Foster 1785 (DUKE); Shattuck 16, 1137 (both F, MO); Standley 31437 (US). CHIRIQUI': Progreso, Cooper & Slater 162 (A, F, GH, NY, US), 231 (F, NY, US). DARIEN: Near Refugio, 15-21 mi N of Santa Fe, 30 m, Duke 10254 (MO). PANAMA: Cloud forest above Su Lin Motel, Croat 14747 (MO) . Cerro Campana, D'Arcy 5500 (MO); Dressler 4024 (MO). Between Cafiazas and Sabalo, ca. 100 m, Duke 14457 (MO). VERAGUAS: 1.5 km S of Escuela Agricola Alto de Piedra, Mori & Kallunki 5312 (MO).
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