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(Last Modified On 5/15/2013)
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(Last Modified On 5/15/2013)
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Species
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Lycianthes acidochondra (Bitt.) Bitt.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Abh. Naturwiss. Vereine Bremen 24(2): 341. 1919 [1920].
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Synonym
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Solanum acidochondrum Bitt., Fedde Repert. 13: 98-100. (Jan.) 19,14; Abh. Naturwiss. Vereine Bremen 23: 153, 5. 10 (Feb.) 1914. LECTOTYPE: Panama, Fendler 197 (US; GH, MO, isolectotypes).
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Description
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Clambering, woody vine; twigs grayish-ferrugineous with appressed, short- stalked, dendritic and stellate hairs. Leaves somewhat coriaceous or mem- This content downloaded from 192.104.39.2 on Tue, 14 May 2013 16:07:58 PMAll use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions634 ANNALS OF THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN [VOL. 60 branaceous, broadly elliptical to 8 cm long, obtuse at each end, the margins some- times slightly revolute, soon glabrate above, evenly and softly pubescent be- neath with stalked stellae, rarely glabrate, veins mostly 3 on each side of the mid- vein; petioles mostly 5-20 mm long, often reddish tomentose. Inflorescence solitary or a few-flowered fascicle, the pedicels slender becoming woody, glabrate to fine tomentose, 2-3 cm long, not much longer in fruit. Flowers in- conspicuous, the calyx ca. 10 mm across, sparingly pubescent with small stellate or sub-simple hairs, glabrescent, the 10 teeth only slightly unequal, thickened and obtuse; the corolla greenish white, 15-18 mm long, the interplicae thickened, with short, simple or stellate hairs outside; stamens unequal, one anther 5.5 mm long, the 4 others 2.3 mm long and tightly coherent, with a few short sub-stellate or simple hairs inside; the ovary subglobose-conical, 3 x 2.5 mm, glabrous, the style 9.5 mm long, slightly exserted, glabrous. Fruit juicy, globose, ca., 20 mm across, the calyx teeth becoming stout, woody, pyramidal, the cup drying re- flexed from the fruit; seeds compressed discoid, 4-5 mm across with a distinct, thickened margin.
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Habit
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woody vine
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Note
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his species with its overall ferrugineous tomentum, greenish-yellow flowers and heavy, reflexed fruiting calyces is quite unlike any other Panamanian species. Most collections are from the Cerro Jefe region or from Santa Rita Ridge, two ranges of hills just east of the Canal Zone. Collections from the Canal Zone, including Fendler 197, the lectotype, may be varietally distinct from those on the neighboring hills. They have larger, thinner, more rotund leaves, and the pubescence is not so dense overall. Lycianthes acidochondra is ap- parently endemic to central Panama.
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Distribution
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endemic to central Panama
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Native
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Panama
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Note
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Lycianthes acidochondra is similar to L. guianense Dun. and L. pauciflora (Vahl) Bitt. of the Guyanas and Venezuela; but the fruiting calyx teeth are much stouter, and the fruit is globose. Williams 570 was cited as one of the two collections upon which Bitter based the name Solanum acidochondrum. It is a different species, L. guianense. In overall appearance the two species are alike, but the fruit and calyces are different. When he described Solanum acidochondrum, Bitter drew attention to this species as having the largest stone cell concretions of any Lycianthes species, reaching 5 mm long. According to his conclusions anent stone cell concretions, L. acidochondra has one of the most primitive sorts of fruit in the genus. Other features of the plants are not primitive.
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Specimen
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CANAL ZONE: Chagres, Fendler 197 (GH, MO, US, type collection). Between Chagres Batteries and Fort San Lorenzo, Fort Sherman Military Reservation, high climbing at edge of forest, Maxon & Valentine 6973 (US). Gamboa, Pipeline Road, 10 mi. N of Gamboa Bridge, Stern & Chambers 21 (US). COCLE: Cerro Gatal Caracoral, 2,700-3,200 ft, Dwyer & Correa 8994 (MO). COLON: Santa Rita Ridge, Croat 13848 (MO); D'Arcy & D'Arcy 6165 (MO); Dwyer 8558 (MO). Santa Rita Ridge, 4-5.5 mi. E of Transisthmian Highway, advanced secondary forest, Lewis et al. 5261 (MO). PANAMA: Beyond Goofy Lake along road to Cerro Jefe, Correa & Dressler 459 (MO, PMA). Cerro Jefe, D'Arcy et al. 3965 (MO). Hillside into Finca del Indio, Cerro Jefe, D'Arcy 5228 (MO). Plentiful in cafetal, Finca del Indio, Cerro Jefe, D'Arcy 5236 (MO). Cerro Jefe in "Clusia" forest, 2,700-3,000 ft, Tyson et al. 3310 (MO). Cerro Azul to Cerro Jefe, Tyson et al. 4334 (FSU, MO).
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