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(Last Modified On 5/10/2013)
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(Last Modified On 5/10/2013)
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Species
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Lantana camara L.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Sp. P1. 627. 1753.
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Synonym
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Lantana mutabilis Weigel, Physiogr. Silsk. Handl. 1: 46. 1776. Lantana scabrida Soland. in Ait., Hort. Kew., ed. 1. 2: 352. 1789. Lantana antillana Raf., Sylv. Tellur. 82. 1838. Camara vulgaris Benth., Bot. Voy. Sulphur 154. 1846. Lantana mexicana Turner, Flor. Kingd. 181. 1876. Camara aculeata var. subinermis Kuntze, Rev. Gen. P1. 1: 503. 1891.
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Description
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Branching shrubs, to 2 m high; stems and branches mostly unarmed or slightly prickly, usually minutely and inconspicuously pubescent. Leaves decussate-op- posite; the blades chartaceous, ovate to oblong-ovate, 2-12 cm long and 2-4.5 cm wide, acute or short-acuminate (rarely obtuse apically), acutely narrowed or abruptly rounded to a subcuneate acumination basally, crenate-serrate, more or less reticulate-rugose and decidedly scabrous or scabrellous above, usually only sparsely pilosulous or strigillose beneath (mostly only on the venation) with canescent or brownish trichomes, sometimes glabrescent; petioles 7-12 mm long. Inflorescences axillary, shorter than, equaling, or surpassing the subtending leaves, the heads always capitate, hemispheric, to 3 cm wide, not elongating after an- thesis, many-flowered; peduncles slender, 2-9 cm long, more or less appressed- pilose or puberulent; bractlets usually not conspicuous, oblong to lanceolate, equal, 4-7 mm long, and 1-1.5 mm wide, subulate or acute, rarely a few larger ones also present, appressed strigose-pubescent,. usually about as long as the corolla-tube. Flowers with the calyx thin, ca. 3 mm long; corolla hypocrateriform, mostly orange-yellow or orange, changing to red or scarlet in age, the tube ca. 10 mm long, barely enlarged above the middle, slightly curved, puberulent, the limb 6-8 mm wide. Drupes fleshy, black, ca. 3 mm in diameter.
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Habit
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shrubs
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Distribution
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Hillsides, woods, thickets, hedges, fencerows, and waste places, widely dis- tributed in tropical and subtropical America from Florida through the West Indies and South America to Argentina, Bolivia, and Peru; less common in its typical form in Central America; introduced and naturalized in the tropics and subtropics [mostly as var. aculeata (L.) Moldenke] of the Old World where it has become a troublesome weed in some places; widely cultivated in hundreds of cultivars; probably originally West Indian, but now widely misinterpreted.
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Common
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bandera espafiol camara
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Common
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camara vermelho cambara verdadeiro
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Common
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chichiquelite, cinco negritos confituria
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Common
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coronitas dame cubre galanos
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Common
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English sagebush filigrana
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Common
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for de duenda flor de sangre
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Common
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guripacha herva de lagarto
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Common
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jaral jarilla
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Common
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malmequer do campo more de caballo
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Common
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red sagebush sangre linda
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Common
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senorita siete colores sotarre
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Common
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tickberry tres colores
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Common
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venturosa wild sage
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Common
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yerba mora
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Note
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A quinine-like alkaloid, lantanine, occurs in this plant and is used medicinally as an antispasmodic; a toxic substance, lantadene, causes "pink-nose," a photo- sensitivity disease in cattle and sheep. The powdered roots in milk are given to children in the treatment of colic and stomach-ache; an infusion of the whole plant is used for catarrh and bronchitis; a leaf decoction is used for constipation, as a febrifuge and diaphoretic, externally for ophthalmia and festering sores, and in baths and hot fomentations for dropsy. In Colombia the plant is used as an emenagogue and diaphoretic and in Brazil in baths as an anti-rheumatic.
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Specimen
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CANAL ZONE: Arraijan, Porterfield, 26 Dec. 1933 (NY). Old Panama', Porterfield, 30 Dec. 1933 (NY). Summit, Krauss 707 (UC). COLON: Very common 0.6 mi. from Gatuncillo on Transisthmian Highway, Correa A. 65 (MO). PANAMA: In woods along PanAm Highway about half-way between El Llano and Rio Mamoni, Duke 5570 (AAU). SAN BLA9: Perme, Cooper 263 (NY).
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