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Published In: Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 51: 200. 1957. (Svensk Bot. Tidskr.) Name publication detail
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 2/15/2011)
Acceptance : Accepted
Project data     (Last Modified On 2/15/2011)
Discussion:

Bryoerythrophyllum campylocarpum is the most common species of Bryoerythrophyllum in Central America. It has oblong-lanceolate, broadly acute, apiculate leaves with plane upper margins that are usually distantly dentate near the apex. The most distinctive feature of the species, which separates it from all other member of the genus in Central America, is found in the sharp contrast between its inner and outer basal leaf cells. The inner cells are enlarged, thin-walled, bulging, and hyaline while the outer basal leaf cells are narrowly rectangular, firm-walled, and concolorous. The greatly enlarged basal leaf cells in this species causes the leaf bases of dry plants to often appear iridescent when seen with a hand lens. Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum also has enlarged, thin-walled, bulging and hyaline basal leaf cells, but its basal leaf cells are uniform throughout the leaf base and its leaf margins are recurved to near the apex.

 

Zander (1978) synonomized B. campylocarpum with B. jamesonii, but Long (1982) presented good evidence for recognizing them as distinct species, a decision now supported by Zander (1986, 1993, 1994a). Bryoerythrophyllum jamesonii is a larger plant than B. campylocarpum and further differs in having leaves that are more clasping at base, a costa that is smooth on the dorsal surface, and non-bulging, firm-walled basal cells that are mostly lightly papillose. The peristome difference between the two species outlined by Zander (1986) is not a valid distinction in Central America where the peristome of B. campylocarpum is as well-developed and as long as that of the found in an isotype of B. jamesonii at NY. The distribution of B. campylocarpum outside the Western Hemisphere remains difficult to establish establish from literature reports because of past confusion with B. jamesonii.

Illustrations: Bartram (1949, Fig. 53 D–G); Magill (1981, Fig. 72 1–10, as B. jamesonii);  Sharp et al. (1994, Fig. 206); Churchill and Linares (1995, Fig. 152 a–f). Figure 14.
Habitat: On soil or sand, over roots, vertical rock faces, damp banks, boulders in streams, and tree bark; 500–3300 m.
Distribution in Central America: GUATEMALA. Quezaltenango: Standley 67765 (F); San Marcos: Steyermark 36092 (F, NY).  EL SALVADOR. Chalatenango: Sipman et al. 37789 (B, NY). HONDURAS. Atlántida: Allen 17323 (MO). COSTA RICA. Cartago: Crosby & Crosby 8630 (MO, PMA); Puntarenas: Spellman et al. B119c (MO); San José: Crosby 9802 (BUF, MO). PANAMA. Bocas del Toro: Allen 3519 (MO, NY, PMA); Chiriquí: Allen 9164 (MO, PMA).
World Range: Mexico; Central America; Caribbean, Western and Southern South America; West, Northeast, East, and South Tropical Africa, West-Central and Southern Africa.

 

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Bryoerythrophyllum campylocarpum (C. Müll.) Crum, Svensk Bot. Tidskr. 51: 200. 1957.

Trichostomum campylocarpum C. Müll., Bot. Zeitung 9: 261. 1851. Didymodon campylocarpus (C. Müll.) Broth., Nat. Pflanzenfam. 1(3): 405. 1902. Protologue: Costa Rica. Von Costa Rica, aus der Bergregion zwischen 5000–8000 Fuss Höhe sehr sparsam gesammelt [Oersted].

 

 

Plants small to medium-sized, reddish green to reddish yellow, 5–25 mm high. Stems red, erect, irregularly branched, stems sclerodermis present, central strand well-developed; rhizoids red, smooth. Leaves 1.5–2.3 mm long, erect-sheathing at base, erect-twisted and incurved when dry, erect-spreading to spreading when wet, oblong-lanceolate; apices broadly acute, apiculate; margins unistratose, weakly reflexed below, plane above, distantly dentate above, sometimes entire, not bordered, weakly decurrent at base; costa percurrent to short-excurrent, papillose at back, ventral superficial cells short-rectangular, pluripapillose, guide cells present, ventral stereid band weakly developed, dorsal stereid band present, upper ventral epidermal layer enlarged, papillose; upper cells 4–8 x 4–8 μm, firm-walled, oblate to irregularly quadrate, densely pluripapillose by thick, c-shaped papillae, basal cells smooth, inner basal cells rectangular, enlarged, thin-walled and bulging, 30–40 x 18 μm, outer basal cells narrowly rectangular, firm-walled, not bulging and forming a distinct basal  border, alar cells not differentiated. Dioicous. Perichaetia terminal; perichaetial leaves elongate, sheathing. Setae smooth, 12–18 mm long,  red. Capsules cylindric, curved, 1.5–2 mm long, suboral ring differentiated in 4–5 rows; exothecial cells long-rectangular, bulging mammillose; stomata in neck; opercula erect, long-conic, 1 mm long; annuli persistent, of 1–2 rows of vesiculose cells; peristome of 32 erect, red, filamentous, densely spiculose teeth, to 300 μm long, basal membrane absent. Spores 14–20 μm, smooth to slightly papillose. Calyptrae not seen.

 

 

 
 
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