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Published In: Videnskabelige Meddelelser fra Dansk Naturhistorisk Forening i Kjøbenhavn ser. 3, 4: 51-52. 1872. (Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjøbenhavn) Name publication detailView in Biodiversity Heritage LibraryView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 

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Discussion:

Bryum subapiculatum is a small to medium-sized Bryum with lanceolate to oblong‑lanceolate leaves having strong, excurrent, reddish costae, weakly differentiated leaf borders, and orange to red, oblong rhizoidal propagula. It belongs to the erythrocarpum-complex (see Crundwell & Nyholm 1964), a group of mosses best separated on the basis of rhizoidal color and asexual propagulum characteristics. Within this complex Crundwell and Nyholm (1964) considered B. subapiculatum (as B. microerythrocarpum) “.... might almost be described as consisting of those plants with large red gemmae to which we have not been able to give any other name.” It is close to Bryum radiculosum Brid. which differs in having narrower leaf cells, a stronger, more excurrent, yellow costa, more quadrate basal cells, and a preference for calcareous habitats. Central American material is wildly variable in terms of areolation and costa strength. All collections were made on soil along trails or roadsides, and they have costae that are deep red in color.
Illustrations: Crundwell and Nyholm (1964, Fig. 7); Ochi (1970, Fig. 12, as B. tryonii); Lawton (1971, Pl. 92 18–23); Ochi (1972, Fig. 35); Smith (1978, Fig. 204 6–10); Catcheside (1980, Fig. 164 f); Ireland (1982, Pl. 182); Norris and Koponen (1984, Fig. 4 k–p); Magill (1987, Fig. 104 10–18); Nyholm (1993, Fig. 177); Sharp et al. (1994, Fig. 349). Figure 153 E–I.
Habitat: On soil along trail and on roadcuts; 1200–1700 m.
Distribution in Central America: GUATEMALA. Huehuetenango: Sharp 5002a (F). EL SALVADOR. Santa Ana: Watson 79 (MO). NICARAGUA. Jinotega: Stevens 11434 (MO). PANAMA. Bocas del Toro: Allen 5247 (MO, PMA).
World Range: Western and Eastern Canada, Northwestern, North‑Central, Northeastern, and Southeastern U.S.A.; Mexico; Central America; Caribbean, Western, Northern, and Southern South America, Brazil; Subantarctic Islands; Northern, Middle, Eastern, and Southwestern Europe; Macaronesia, East Tropical Africa, Southern Africa; Malesia; Australia, New Zealand.

 

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Bryum subapiculatum Hampe, Vidensk. Meddel. Dansk Naturhist. Foren. Kjbenhavn ser. 3, 3: 51. 1872.

Protologue: Brazil. Glaziou, sub Nr. 5148.

Bryum microerythrocarpum C. Müll. & Kindb. in Macoun, Cat. Canad. Pl., Musci 6: 124. 1892. Protologue: Canada. In wet gravel, shore of Shawnigan Lake, Vancouver Island, July 1st, 1887, Macoun (MO). 

Plants small to medium-sized, dull green or yellowish green, often tinged red, in loose tufts, 4–10 mm high; rhizoids moderately developed at base, papillose, with red to reddish brown, oblong to spherical, smooth gemmae, to 190 μm long. Leaves 1–2 mm long, erect when dry, erect to erect‑spreading when wet, lanceolate to oblong‑lanceolate; apices acuminate; margins plane, sometimes reflexed below, weakly bordered by several rows of somewhat narrower, long‑rectangular cells, serrulate above; costae strong, red, variously excurrent; upper cells elongate‑hexagonal, firm‑walled, 40–80 μm long, basal cells rectangular, firm‑walled, 20–80 μm long, quadrate at the lower margins. Dioicous. Setae to 15–40 mm long, reddish brown. Capsules 2–4 mm long, red, oval‑cylindrical, symmetric, pendent, neck short, narrowed and tapering to the seta; opercula 0.5 mm long, conic apiculate; exostome teeth yellow‑brown, densely papillose, endostome hyaline, lightly papillose, basal membrane to ½ of exostome teeth length, segments well-developed, narrowly perforate, cilia 2‑5, appendiculate. Spores 10 μm, nearly smooth. Calyptra not seen.

 

 
 
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