Tropicos | Name - !Streptopogon calymperes Müll. Hal.

Cent. Amer. Moss > Pottiaceae > Streptopogon > Streptopogon calymperes

Choose Project down

English

!Streptopogon calymperes Müll. Hal.

Search in Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle

Search in Type Specimen Register of the U.S. National Herbarium

Search in African Plants Database at Geneva Botanical Garden

African Plants, Senckenberg Photo Gallery

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 2/16/2011)

Acceptance : Accepted

Project data (Last Modified On 2/16/2011)

Discussion:

Streptopogon calymperes often occurs mixed with S. cavifolius and S. erythrodontus. It can be distinguished from other Central American species of Streptopogon by its stout apical leaf proboscis that has reddish brown gemmae in globose clusters at the tip. Other features useful in recognizing the species include its entire leaf margins, enlarged, bulging juxtacostal leaf cells, and costa with both a ventral layer of enlarged, hyaline cells and median guide cells. There are two forms of this species in Central America: one has rigid plants, erect-incurved leaves, and thick-walled leaf cells; the other has flaccid plants, erect-crispate to contorted leaves, and thin-walled leaf cells.

Although the costa of S. calymperes sometimes appears excurrent because the costa more or less fills the apical proboscis, when the apex is closely examined there is always at least one row of enlarged leaf cells between the costa and the apical margins. Capsules in S. calymperes are rare, and because of its fragile basal membrane old capsules usually lack any trace of a peristome. This may be why Salmon (1903) and Griffin (1979) thought the species was sometimes eperistomate. All recent collections of the species with mature, operculate capsules that I examined had well-developed peristomes.

The protologue of S. calymperes gives no collector for the species, but Salmon (1903) cited the label information on the now destroyed type in Müller’s herbarium as “Madagascar, in sylva pr. Ambatondrazaka. Dr. Rutenberg leg. Dec. 6, 1877.”

Illustrations: Geheeb (1882, Pl 13 A); Brotherus (1902, Fig. 272 A–C); Brotherus (1924, Fig. 235 A–C); Salmon (Fig. 1903, Pl. 8 38–40; Pl. 9 78–81; Pl. 10 82–97); Bartram (1949, Fig. 61 A–B); De Sloover (1976, Figs. 40–55); Griffin (1979, Fig. 1); Griffin (1986, Figs. 1–5); Zander (1993, Pl. 41 11–16); Sharp et al. (Fig. 265); Churchill and Linares (1995, Fig. 160 a–e); Matteri & Schiavone (1998, Fig. 1 1–8). Figure 71.

Habitat: Tree and shrub bark, branches, twigs, logs, and fence posts (Sambucus); 1100–2600 m.

Distribution in Central America: GUATEMALA. Alta Verapaz: Türckheim 6902 (H); Baja Verapaz: Sharp 2902 (FH, TENN, US); Huehuetenango: Sharp 4927a (FH, TENN); Quiché: Sharp 5308 (F, FH, MICH, NY, TENN). HONDURAS. Comayagua: Allen 12312 (MO); Lempira: Allen 11336 (MO); Ocotepeque: Allen 14423B (MO). NICARAGUA. Estelí: Stevens 16234A (MO). COSTA RICA. Alajuela: Crosby & Crosby 6304 (MO); Cartago: Morales 957 (FLAS); Heredia: Crosby 9908 (MO); Puntarenas: Lyons 357 (MO); San José: Crosby 9717 (CR, MO). PANAMA. Bocas del Toro: Allen 5255 (MO, PMA); Chiriquí: Correa 1219 (MO, PMA).

World Range: Mexico; Central America; Caribbean, Western and Northern South America, Brazil; West-Central and East Tropical Africa, Western Indian Ocean.

Export To PDF

Export To Word

Streptopogon calymperes C. Müll. in Geh., Abh. Naturwiss. Verein Bremen 7: 207. 1882.

Protologue: Madagascar. Spärlich mit voriger Art [S. rutenbergii C. Müll., Wald von Ambatondrazaka, 6. Decbr. 1877, in wenigen Individuen].

Calymperes lindigii Hampe, Ann. Sci Nat. Bot. sér. 5, 3: 342. 1865. Streptopogon hampeanus Besch., Ann. Sci Nat. Bot. sér. 8, 1: 290. 1895, nom. nov. Protologue: Colombia. Bogota, Pacho, ad rad. arb., inter Fabroniam, sterile, leg. A. Lindig.

Streptopogon rigidus Mitt. ex Salm., Ann. Bot. (London) 17: 125. 1903. Protologue: Ecuador. Musci Amazonici et Andini. Andes Quitensis, Legit Ric. Spruce 139 (BM, NY).

Plants small, in tufts, dark-green, reddish green to reddish yellow, corticolous. Stems 10–18 mm high, irregularly branched, central strand absent, cortical cells thin-walled, hyaline, uniform throughout, densely tomentose; rhizoids smooth, densely branched, branches often at right-angles. Leaves 3–4 mm long, spathulate to obovate, erect at base, concave, evenly spaced, erect-crispate, contorted or stiffly erect-incurved when dry, spreading when wet; apices acute, cuspidate, apex usually elongated into a stout proboscis; margins entire, recurved below, plane to inflexed above; costa narrow, percurrent into a stout proboscis, ventral surface cells rectangular, smooth on both surfaces, guide cells and single (dorsal) stereid band well-developed, ventral and dorsal surface cells enlarged, smooth; upper cells subquadrate, hexagonal, rhomboidal or short-rectangular, those near the costa enlarged and bulging, those near the margins short, subquadrate, median leaf cells 24–50 x 16–30 μm, thin- or firm-walled, at times porose, somewhat bulging near costa, smooth, basal cells rectangular, thin-walled, smooth, 18–90 x 15–30 μm, alar cells not differentiated. Asexually reproducing by clavate or cylindrical, multicellular, smooth propagula in tufts on leaf apices. Dioicous. Setae smooth, 6 mm long, reddish yellow. Capsules cylindrical, erect, 3–4 mm long, smooth, yellowish brown; exothecial cells short-rectangular, thick-walled; stomata at base of capsule; opercula conical, 1.5 mm long, annuli 2–3 rows of vesiculose cells, adherent to capsule mouth on dehiscence; peristome 1.2 mm long, teeth red, filamentous, spiculose, twisted 1/2 turn, basal membrane short, red above, hyaline at base. Spores granular, 12–22 μm. Calyptra not seen.