Tropicos | Name - !Trichostomum tenuirostre (Hook. & Taylor) Lindb.

Cent. Amer. Moss > Pottiaceae > Trichostomum > Trichostomum tenuirostre

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!Trichostomum tenuirostre (Hook. & Taylor) Lindb.

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Project Name Data (Last Modified On 2/16/2011)

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Project data (Last Modified On 2/16/2011)

Discussion:

Trichostomum tenuirostre is a morphologically variable species with lanceolate leaves that are shiny, erect to appressed at base but incurved-contorted and curled above when dry. Its leaf margins are plane to erect and often undulate, and its basal leaf cells, which are smooth, enlarged, and hyaline, often run up the margins in a faint v-shaped pattern. Its costa is excurrent into an acute mucro. The few Central American collections of the species differ from most northern hemispheric material in having narrower leaves that are more crispate when dry and more sheathing leaf bases. In Central America and North America T. tenuirostre has a weak stem central strand, while in other parts of its range it lacks a stem central strand (Saito1975, Magill 1981, Noguchi 1988, Eddy 1990).

Trichostomum hondurensis, T. crispulum, and T. tenuirostre have similarly shaped leaves. Trichostomum hondurensis has narrower leaves than T. tenuirostre, and further differs in having leaf margins at the shoulders lightly serrulate to denticulate, linear, often porose basal leaf cells, a longer excurrent costa, thick-multiplex leaf papillae, and a stem sclerodermis. Trichostomum crispulum differs from it in having narrower leaves with incurved to somewhat involute upper leaf margins. Trichostomum brachydontium can be distinguished from T. tenuirostre by its broader leaves that are abruptly contracted to a stout mucro.

Illustrations: Saito (1975, Fig. 28 1–6); Smith (1978, Fig. 136); Crum and Anderson (1981, Figs. 135 & 136); Ireland (1982, Pl. 109); Noguchi (1988, Fig. 111); Zander (1993, Pl. 11 1–6); Sharp et al. (1994, Fig. 174); Allen (2000a, Fig. 1). Figure 87.

Habitat: On soil or humus at base of trees or logs; 1050–2700 m.

Distribution in Central America: GUATEMALA. Baja Verapaz: Croat 41198 (MO); Chimaltenango: Standley 58740a (F); Guatemala: Standley 80601 (F); Sacatepéquez: Standley 58832 (F); San Marcos: Standley 66063 (F). HONDURAS. Francisco Morazán: Standley 13573 (F). COSTA RICA. Cartago: Holz CR00-600 (GOET, MO); San José: Holz CR99-563 (GOET, MO). PANAMA. Chiriquí: Allen 4997 (MO, PMA).

World Range: Subarctic America, Western and Eastern Canada, Northwestern, North-Central, Northeastern, Southwestern, South-Central, and Southeastern U.S.A.; Mexico; Central America; Caribbean, Western and Northern South America, Brazil; Northern, Middle, East, Southwestern, and Southeastern Europe; Siberia, Russian Far East, Caucasus, Middle Asia, Mongolia, China, Eastern Asia, Western Asia, Arabian Peninsula; West, West-Central, East, and South Tropical Africa, Southern Africa, Western Indian Ocean; Indian Subcontinent, Indo-China, Malesia; New Zealand.

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Trichostomum tenuirostre (Hook. & Tayl.) Lindb., Öfvers. Förh. Kongl. Svenska Vetensk.-Akad. 21: 225. 1864. Weisia tenuirostris Hook. & Tayl., Muscol. Brit. (ed. 2) 83. 1827. Oxystegus tenuirostris (Hook. & Tayl.) A. Smith, J. Bryol. 9: 393. 1977. Protologue: Scotland and Ireland. Moist rocks, in fructification at Campsie, near Glasgow, Scotland.–About Powerscourt Waterfall, near Dublin.

Weissia cylindrica Bruch ex Brid., Bryol. Univ. Vol. 1. 806. 1827. Trichostomum cylindricum (Bruch ex Brid.) C. Müll., Syn. Musc. Frond. 1: 586. 1849. Oxystegus cylindricus (Brid. ex Brid.) Hilp., Bot. Centralbl. 50(2): 620. 1933. Protologue: Germany. In saxis ad aggeres umbrosos viarum sylvaticarum prope Bipontium clar. Bruchius detexit et communicavit.

Plants small to medium-sized, green, dark-green, or yellow-green above, yellow to brown often shiny at base, in tufts, 5–15 (–30) mm high. Stems red, erect, sparsely and irregularly branched, hyalodermis present, central strand weakly developed; rhizoids weakly developed below, reddish brown, lightly roughened. Leaves 3–5 mm long, lanceolate, erect and appressed to stem at base, incurved-contorted, curled, concave above when dry, erect-spreading to flexuose when wet; apices acute, mucronate; lamina unistratose, at times fragile and broken or eroded above; margins entire, plane or erect, often undulate; costa shortly excurrent, guide cells and two stereid bands well-developed, ventral surface layer enlarged, papillose; upper cells rounded-quadrate, oblate, to short-rectangular, 7–12 μm long, firm-walled, pluripapillose, basal cells long rectangular to oblong, firm- or thin-walled, hyaline, smooth, shorter and thicker-walled in upper part of base, 20–40 x 12 μm, outer basal cells running up the margins in a weak v-shaped pattern. Dioicous. Sporophytes not known from Central America. Setae 10–15 mm long, Capsules 1.5–3.0 mm long, cylindrical; opercula obliquely long-conic to rostrate; annuli of 1–2 rows of vesiculose cells; peristome teeth erect, 160–240 μm high, weakly to strongly papillose, or striolate. Spores 13–20 μm, finely papillose. Calyptrae cucullate, smooth, naked (Allen 2000a).