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(Last Modified On 5/21/2013)
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(Last Modified On 5/21/2013)
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Species
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Jacaranda mimosifolia D. Don
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PlaceOfPublication
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Bot. Reg. Tab. 631. 1822.
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Synonym
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Jacaranda ovalifolia R. Br., Bot. Mag. tab. 2327. 1822. TYPE: (not seen). Jacaranda chelonia Griseb., P1. Lorentz. 175. 1874, non Symb. Fl. Argent. 258. 1879. TYPE: (not seen).
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Description
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Tree to at least 15 m tall and 45 cm d.b.h., the bark gray; branchlets terete. Leaves pinnately bicompound, 15-30 cm long, with 13-31 pinnae, these 1.3-2.1 cm apart on the rachis, each pinna 5-10 cm long with winged rachis and 13-41 sessile leaflets, these 3-12 mm long and 1-4 mm wide, narrowly elliptic, sharply acuminate, the base cuneate, chartaceous, glabrous or slightly puberulous along midrib and margin, the margin slightly revolute. Inflorescence an open terminal panicle, the branches shortly puberulous. Flowers with the calyx reduced, broadly campanulate, 5-denticulate, 1 mm long and 1.5-2 mm wide, subpuberulous at least along margin; corolla purplish-blue with the tube white inside, tubular- campanulate above a slightly narrowed neck which is inconspicuously curved and slightly enlarged toward the base, 3-4 cm long and 0.7-1.2 cm wide at the mouth of tube, the tube 2.4-5.2 cm long, the lobes 0.3-0.5 cm long pubescent outside, especially toward the base, pubescent inside at the level of stamen insertion and sparsely so with long trichomes in the tube; stamens didynamous, the anthers 1-thecate, the second theca reduced to a minute appendage, each theca 2 mm long, the anterior filaments 1.4-1.8 cm long, the posterior filaments 1.1-1.4 cm long, the filaments pubescent below the middle, inserted 1.1-1.2 cm from the base of tube, the staminode 2.0-2.5 cm long, the middle portion and tip glandular-pubescent, inserted 0.9-1.0 cm from the base of the tube; pistil 2.2-2.5 cm long, the ovary flattened-cylindrical 3-3.5 mm long and 1.5-2 mm wide, gla- brous, the ovules 6-8-seriate in each locule; disc short, pulvinate. Capsule com- pressed-orbicular, often shallowly emarginate at the tip and truncate to broadly but shallowly subcordate basally, 3.2-5.8 cm long and 3.7-5.5 cm wide, drying reddish brown, the margins not undulate, seeds thin, 0.9-1.2 cm long and 1.1-1.7 cm wide, the wing more or less surrounding and clearly demarcated from the seed body, hyaline-membranaceous with brownish streaks.
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Habit
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Tree
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Note
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This species is commonly cultivated in the Costa Rican uplands and probably also in Chiriqui Province, although I have seen no Panamanian specimens. As interpreted by Sandwith (Kew Bull. 1953: 455. 1954) it has a restricted natural range in northwestern Argentina. However, it is widely cultivated throughout the tropics and subtropics of the world. It is closely related to the earlier-de- scribed J. acutifolia H.B.K., from which it can be distinguished by its larger fruits, shorter calyx, and greater number of pinnae per leaf. The naming of this species represents a fantastic coincidence in which the same plant was described in two different publications under two different names on the same day (June 1, 1822). Don was the first to unite J. ovalifolia with his J. mimosifolia so his choice of names must be accepted.
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