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Published In: Species Plantarum 1: 184. 1753. (1 May 1753) (Sp. Pl.) Name publication detailView in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 6/2/2011)
Acceptance : Accepted
Project Data     (Last Modified On 6/3/2011)
Contributor Text: YASIN J. NASIR
General/Distribution: c. 1400 species, widespread in tropical and temperate regions of both the hemispheres. Represented in Pakistan by 15 species, of which 8 are native.

 

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Herbs. shrubs or small trees, often prickly or hairy. Leaves simple or divided. Flowers rarely solitary. Calyx campanulate, 5-lobed, sometimes enlarging in fruit. Corolla rotate; lobes 5, spreading or recurved. Stamens attached near mouth of corolla tube, exserted; anthers cone-like, with bases adnate to one another, dehiscence by 2 apical pores. Fruit a berry. Seeds compressed.
 

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1.Plants armed with prickles
2.Prostrate plants. Leaves dark green above
Solanum surattense
2.Erect to scrambling shrubs or undershrubs, rarely small trees. Leaves usually greyish-green Above
3.Plants cultivated
4.Annual suffruticose herbs, 60-90 cm tall. Flowers purple to pale violet. Berries more than 80 mm long, ovoid, globose to elongated, normally various shades of purple
Solanum melongena
4.Perennial shrubs or small tree from 120-190 cm tall. Flowers white. Berries 8-12 mm broad, globose, yellow
Solanum torvum
3.Plants indigenous or sometimes naturalised (S. elaegnifolium)
5.Scrambling undershrubs, sparsely prickly. Leaves orbicular-oblong to subcordate
Solanum cordatum
5.Erect to scandent prickly shrubs. Leaves ovate to ovate-lanceolate, lanceolate or oblong
6.Prickles acicular. Plants usually of neglected fields etc
Solanum elaeagnifolium
6.Prickles curved. Plants not weedy in nature
7.Leaves from 2 -5 cm long. Inflorescence 2-6-flowered
Solanum forskalii
7.Leaves 3.5-15 cm long. Inflorescence (3-) 4-15 flowered
8.Inflorescence with all flowers bisexual. Calyx 3-4 mm long. Berry 8-10 mm broad
Solanum anguivi
8.Inflorescence with most upper flowers staminate. Calyx 6-7 mm long. Berry 25-30 mm broad
Solanum incanum
1.Plants unarmed
9.Annual or perennial herbs
10.Annual. Underground stem tubers absent. Leaves entire to irregular dentate. Corolla limb 5-6 mm broad
Solanum nigrum
10.Perennial. Underground stem tubers present. Leaves imparipinnate. Corolla limb 25 mm broad
Solanum tuberosum
9.Shrubs or semi-shrubs
11.Shrubby climbers or scramblers
12.Leaves entire
Solanum jasminoides
12.Leaves pinnate or at least the base of some pin natipartite
13.Leaves pinnate. Flowers in terminal drooping panicles. Plants cultivated
Solanum seaforthianum
13.Leaves entire or the base 1-4-pinnatipartite. Flowers in extra-axillary paniculate cymes. Plants not cultivated
Solanum dulcamara
11.Erect shrubs
14.Plants densely stellate-tomentose. Leaves 8-25 x 4.0-9.5 cm. Berries yellow
Solanum erianthum
14.Plants glabrous to puberulous or scabrid. Leaves 3-8 x 1.0-3.5 cm. Berries scarlet-red, shiny
 
 
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