| Cactaceae | ** |
Acanthocalycium andreaeanum
| (Backeb.) Donald | Ashingtonia 1(11): 125 | 1975 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium aurantiacum
| Rausch | Kakteen And. Sukk. 21(3): 45 | 1970 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium brevispinum
| F. Ritter | Taxon 13: 144 | 1964 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium catamarcense
| F. Ritter | Kakteen Südamer. 2: 465 | 1980 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium chionanthum
| (Speg.) Backeb. | Kaktus-ABC 225 | 1935 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium ferrarii
| Rausch | Succulenta (Netherlands) 55(5): 81–82 | 1976 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium formosum
| (Pfeiff.) Backeb. | Kaktus-ABC 224 | 1935 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium glaucum
| F. Ritter | Taxon 13: 143 | 1964 |
| Cactaceae | ** |
Acanthocalycium griseum
| Backeb. | Descr. Cact. Nov. 3: [5] | 1963 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium hyalacanthum
| (Speg.) Backeb. | Kaktus-ABC 225 | 1935 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium klimpelianum
| (Weidlich & Werderm.) Backeb. | Kaktus-ABC 225 | 1935 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium klinglerianum
| (Cárdenas) Lodé | Cact.-Avent. Int. 32(1): 52 | 2020 [2022] |
| Cactaceae | ** |
Acanthocalycium oreopepon
| Backeb. | Kaktus-ABC 225 | 1935 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium oreopogon
| (Werderm.) Backeb. | Kaktus-ABC 225 | 1935 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium peitscherianum
| Backeb. | Kaktus-ABC 225, 412 | 1935 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium rhodotrichum
| (K. Schum.) Schlumpb. | Cactaceae Syst. Init. 28: 29 | 2012 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium spiniflorum
| (K. Schum.) Backeb. | Kaktus-ABC 226 | 1935 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium thionanthum
| (Speg.) Backeb. | Kaktus-ABC 227 | 1935 |
| Cactaceae | ** |
Acanthocalycium variiflorum
| Backeb. | Kakteenl. 57 | 1966 |
| Cactaceae | |
Acanthocalycium violaceum
| (Werderm.) Backeb. | Kaktus-ABC 226 | 1935 |