(Last Modified On 4/8/2013)
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(Last Modified On 4/8/2013)
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Genus
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Stemmadenia Benth.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Bot. Voy. Sulphur 124, p1. 44. 1844.
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Description
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Shrubs, or small trees, lacticiferous. Leaves opposite, non-glandular, pinnately- nerved; petioles weakly perfoliate and ? glandular in the axils. Inflorescences cymose, or reduced racemes, terminal or pseudo-axillary, few-flowered. Flowers mostly large and showy; calyx 5-lobed, the lobes subequal to conspicuously un- equal, mostly imbricate with the inner 3 larger, bearing many squamellae with- in; corolla salverform, subinfundibuliform, or infundibuliform, the tube or throat with 5 linear folds above the attachment of the stamens, the tube frequently twisted, the limb 5-lobed, sinistrorsely convolute; stamens 5, attached near the top of the tube or tube proper, the anthers free and not agglutinated to the stigma, without an enlarged connective; gynoecium 2-carpellate, apocarpous, the ovary superior, the ovules numerous, the nectaries concrescent and adnate to the ovary, the stigma umbraculiform below and capitate or biapiculate above. Fruit apocar- pous, of 2 follicles, diverging, stout, leathery to slightly woody; seeds numerous, naked, embedded in a fleshy aril.
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Distribution
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A genus of about 15 species in Mexico, Central America, northern South America, and Bolivia.
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Note
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Woodson (Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 15: 341-373. 1928) gives adequate reasons for the separation of Stemmandenia from Tabernaemontana L. However, I do not agree with his subgeneric groupings-the shape of the corolla in many species is intermediate between salverform and infundibuliform, and the position of the bracts is not necessarily correlated in the manner described in his key.
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Reference
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Woodson (Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 15: 341-373. 1928)
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Key
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a. Calyx lobes large and broadly ovate. b. Inflorescences pubescent; corolla definitely infundibuliform, the throat broadly conic. 1. S. obovata bb. Inflorescences glabrous; corolla salverform. c. Calyx-lobes ca. as long as the corolla tube' or slightly shorter.......... ................................................2. S. donnell-smithii cc. Calyx-lobes ca. half as long as the corolla tube or shorter ..... 3. S. grandiflora aa. Calyx-lobes long and slender or rarely very short. d. Calyx-lobes small, less than 5 mm long ............................... 4. S. alfari dd. Calyx-lobes large, at least some > 6 mm long. e. Calyx-lobes 6-9 mm long; corolla tube proper ca. 10-12 mm long ... 5. S. allenii ee. Calyx-lobes 9-20 mm long; corolla tube proper greater than 15 mm long. f. Corolla throat 40-45 mm long ....................... 6. S. macrantha ff. Corolla throat 12-15 mm long .......................... 7. S. lagunae
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