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(Last Modified On 2/7/2013)
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(Last Modified On 2/7/2013)
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Genus
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CHONDRODENDRON Ruiz & Pav.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Prodr. Fl. Peruv. 132. 1794
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Reference
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Miers, in Ann. Nat. Hist. ser. 3. 19: 187. 1867.
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Synonym
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Botryopsis Miers, loc. cit. ser. 2. 7:43. 1851. Detandra Miers, loc. cit. ser. 3. 13:124. 1864.
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Description
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Twining shrubs. Leaves alternate, petiolate. Staminate inflorescence axillary, fasciculate, paniculiform. Staminate flowers 3-merous, actinomorphic: Sepals 6-22, the exterior minutely bracteoliform, the interior 6 conspicuously larger, usually reflexed or sometimes cucullate at the apex in anthesis; petals 6, minute, ante- sepalous, appressed to the androecium; stamens 6, antepetalous, greatly surpassing the petals, inflexed, the filaments free or slightly coherent at the base, the longitu- dinally dehiscing anthers 2-celled, the cells separated by and sometimes immersed within a fleshy connective which is often produced beyond the thecae. Pistillate inflorescence axillary, solitary or fasciculate, racemose. Pistillate flowers: Sepals and petals similar to the staminate; staminodia minute or none; carpels 6, erect, gibbose-ellipsoid, the style almost wanting, the stigma lingulate and reflexed. Drupes 6 or a few aborted, gibbose-ellipsoid; endocarp chartaceous-coriacelous, divided by a septum which extends from the base beyond the center; seed deeply hippocrepiform, exalbuminous.
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Habit
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shrubs
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Distribution
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About 10 species. Panama, South America.
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Note
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Throughout the literature involving the Menispermaceae Ruiz and Pavon's original spelling Chondodendron has been adopted by some authors, including Diels, while others have utilized the form Chondrodendron. As pointed out by Sandwith (in Kew Bull. 58. 1955), Ruiz and Pavon stated that they called their new genus Chondodendron because of the "abundance of burrs" on the trunk and branches of the "tree," referring to the verrucose-lenticellate cortex of the woody stems. The name therefore clearly must have been derived from the Greek Xovbpoq, "burr" and b?vbpov, "tree" and the name should be spelled Chondroden- dron. Sandwith proposes that the original spelling Chondodendron be treated as an orthographic error, and that the correct spelling Chondrodendron be adopted in the future for this genus. On the basis of the evidence, the spelling Chondroden- dron is adopted for use in this paper.
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