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(Last Modified On 1/22/2013)
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(Last Modified On 1/22/2013)
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Genus
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PILEA Lindl.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Coll. Bot. pl. 4. 1821, nom. conserv.
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Synonym
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Adicea Raf. Anal. Nat. 179. 1815, nom. rejic.
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Description
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Annual or perennial, monoecious or dioecious herbs, sometimes suffrutescent, often succulent, without stinging hairs; stipules intra-axillary, deciduous or per- sistent; leaves opposite, usually petiolate, toothed or entire, those of a pair equal or markedly unequal, similar in shape or very dissimilar; flowers in unisexual or androgynous clusters, these solitary or forming cymes or panicles; staminate flowers 4 (rarely 2 or 3 ) -parted, the pistillate normally 3-parted, the middle segment usually larger than the lateral ones; stigma sessile, penicillate; achenes compressed, orbicular or ovate.
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Habit
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herb
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Key
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a. Leaves entire. b. Leaves orbicular to obovate, not more than 1 cm. long, 1-nerved or nerveless, succulent ........................................................ 1. P. MICROPHYLLA bb. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or elliptic, more than 1 cm. long, 3-nerved, membranous ......................................................... 2. P. PARIETARIA aa. Leaves (at least the larger of a pair) toothed. b. Leaves of a pair dissimilar or very unequal, the larger more than twice as long as the smaller. c. Inflorescence sessile or subsessile, few-flowered; smaller leaves subentire ......................................................... 3. P. IMPARIFOLIA cc. Inflorescence peduncled, often branched; smaller leaves toothed. d. Leaves all distinctly petiolate; stipules persistent. e. Smaller leaves broadly ovate or suborbicular; stem drying straw-colored; plant glabrous throughout ................................. 4. P. CORNMANAE ee. Smaller leaves oblong; stem drying dark; plant usually pubes- cent toward tip of stem and on under side of leaf nerves ......... 5. P. TRIANAEANA dd. Smaller leaves of a pair sessile or sub-sessile; stipules soon deciduous. e. Larger leaves oblanceolate, up to 2 cm. wide, their petioles not more than 5 mm. long; segments of staminate flowers with filif orm tips ............. ................................................................ 6. P. CHIRIQUINA ee. Larger leaves ovate or elliptic, 4-7 cm. wide, their petioles more than 5 mm. long; segments of staminate flowers not filiform-tipped ..................................................... 7. P. DONNELL-SMITHIANA bb. Leaves of a pair similar and equal, or if unequal the larger not more than twice as long as the smaller. c. Achenes 1-2 mm. long, strongly flattened. d. Leaves sessile or with a petiole much less than a third the length of the blade, often long-tapering at base ....................................... 8. P. PTERICLADA dd. Leaves distinctly petiolate, rounded or abruptly narrowed at base. e. Stipules not more than 1.5 mm. long, soon deciduous; plants glabrous throughout; tips of staminate perianth segments minute ...................................................... 9. P. GRACILIPES ee. Stipules well developed and persistent or subpersistent; plants, especially the leaves, usually pubescent; staminate segments with long, filiform tips. f. Stem densely pubescent; leaves ovate or ovate-lanceolate, generally more than 2 cm. long, rugose ................................... 10. P. RUGOSISSIMA ff. Stem glabrous; leaves rhombic-ovate, generally not more than 2 cm. long, flat .............. .................................... 11. P. AURICULATA cc. Achenes minute, scarcely more than 0.5 mm. long, only slightly flattened. d. Stem repent or trailing, with nearly equal internodes; leaves all orbicular ....................................................................................... 12. P. NUMMULARIFOLIA dd. Stem erect, repent only at base; at least the principal leaves ovate, obovate, rhombic, or elliptic. e. Inflorescence shorter than the petioles; plants essentially glabrous. f. Annual; leaves rhombic-ovate or ovate, thin, up to 4 cm. long; achenes stramineous, smooth. 13. P. HYALINA ff. Perennial; leaves elliptic-lanceolate, thick, 8-20 cm. long; achenes black, papillose ................................................ 14. P. PALLIDA ee. Inflorescence longer than the petioles; plants more or less pubescent. f. Leaves obovate, rounded at apex, the cystoliths on upper surface much more numerous toward the margin ................. 15. P. INVOLUCRATA ff. Leaves ovate, ovate-lanceolate, or elliptic-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, rarely subobtuse, the cystoliths more evenly covering the upper surface. g. Leaves ovate-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate, averaging more than 4 cm. long, sharply dentate; plants usually dioecious ................................................ 16. P. ACUMINATA gg. Leaves broadly ovate, averaging less than 4 cm. long, coarsely crenate-serrate; plants usually monoecious ......... 17. P. PUBESCENS
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