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Published In: Flora Boreali-Americana (Michaux) 1: 103–105, pl. 13. 1803. (Fl. Bor.-Amer.) Name publication detailView in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 12/8/2022)
Acceptance : Accepted
Note : Tribe Dialypetalantheae
Project Data     (Last Modified On 12/8/2022)
Notes:

Pinckneya includes 1 warm temperate species of shrubs and small trees with showy inflorescences and flowers. This genus is characterized by elliptic, opposite, petiolate leaves; triangular interpetiolar stipules; terminal cymose inflorescences with developed axes and pedicels; 5-merous flowers with rather well developed calyx lobes and on some flowers a petaloid calycophyll; tubular cream to pink corollas with the lobes valvate in bud; 2-locular ovaries with axile placentation; and subglobose loculicidal capsules with numerous small flattened winged seeds. The leaves of Pinckneya are rather thin-textured, and the stems and capsules characteristically lenticellate. The stems, leaves, and inflorescence axes are characteristically densely softly pilosulous or hirtellous. The stipules are acute and quickly caducous. The oldest flower or flowers in each cyme bear an ovate to elliptic, stipitate pink calycophyll with a well developed stipe. The flowers are markedly protandrous, with the stamens exserted and the stigmas positioned near them on elongate styles. The corollas have a ring of dense pubescence near the middle (Delprete, 1996, erroneously described these as glabrous internally), and the stamens inserted near the base. The corolla lobes were reported to be valvate-reduplicate in bud by Delprete (1996), but are valvate in all the specimens seen. The calyx lobes, including the calycophylls, are deciduous as the fruits develop. Pinckneya bracteata has been used as an anti-malarial, and cultivated as an ornamental. This genus and its species were studied by Delprete (1996), who presented morphological descrptions and illustrations. Delprete (1999: 36, fig. 8G-H) illustrated its seeds. 

Pinckneya is similar to the Neotropical genus Pogonopus, which has generally pink to purple corollas with the lobes in a distinctive valvate-reduplicate arrangement in bud. In a molecular systematic study Kainulainen et al. (2010; as Condamineeae) found Pinckneya to belong to their Tribe Dialypetalantheae and not closely related to Pogonopus. The relationships of Pinckneya were not entirely clear within this tribe but Kainulainen et al. suggested it might be related to Emmenopterys, a tree of warm temperate southeastern Asia. The identity of Pinckneya has not always been clear, and at one point some species of Brazil with showy calycophylls and capsular fruits were also named in Pinckneya but those species belong to Simira (Margalho et al., 2020). Simira differs in its generally larger and harder, woody subglobose capsules with larger (1-3 cm long) winged seeds, and its range in tropical areas.

Author: C.M. Taylor
The content of this web page was last revised on 8 December 2022.
Taylor web page: http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/curators/taylor.shtml

Distribution: Lowland, humid, coastal warm temperate forests in southeastern North America (southeastern South Carolina, eastern Georgia, northeastern Florida).
References:

 

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Shrubs and small trees, unarmed, terrestrial, without raphides in the tissues, sometimes with buds resinous. Leaves opposite, petiolate, with tertiary and quaternary venation not lineolate, without or occasionally with pubescent domatia; stipules caducous, interpetiolar, triangular, perhaps imbricated in bud. Inflorescences terminal, cymose, multiflowered, pedunculate, bracteate with bracts often foliaceous and usually deciduous. Flowers pedicellate, bisexual, homosylous, protandrous, somewhat large and showy, diurnal, perhaps fragrantl; hypanthium obconic to turbinate; calyx limb developed, 5-lobed, on a few of the oldest flowers with obovate to elliptic, pink, petaloid calycophyll; corolla tubular with weak basal swelling, pink to cream, internally glabrous except with pilosulous ring near base, lobes 5, narrowly triangular, in bud valvate, without appendage; stamens 5, inserted near base of corolla tube, anthers narrowly ellipsoid, dorsifixed, opening by longitudinal slits, without appendage or sometimes with apiculate connective tip; ovary 2-locular, ovules numerous in each locule, on axile placentas, stigmas 2, ligulate and closely set, exserted. Fruit capsular, ellipsoid to subglobose, loculicidally dehiscent from apex, chartaceous, lenticellate, with calyx limb deciduous; seeds numerous, elliptic, flattened, winged, medium-sized (3--10 mm), winged, seed surface foveolate-reticulate.

 
 
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