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(Last Modified On 5/22/2013)
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(Last Modified On 5/22/2013)
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Genus
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Tabebuia Gomes ex DC.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Rev. Bign. (Bibl. Univ. Geneve) 14. 1838.
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Note
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TYPE: T. uliginosa (Gomes) DC. = T. cassinoides (Lam.) DC.
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Synonym
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Couralia Splitg., Tijdschr. Natuurl. Gesch. Physiol. 9: 14. 1842. TYPE: C. fluviatilis (Aubl.) Splitg. = Tabebuia aquatilis (E. Meyer) Sprague & Sandw. Handroanthus Mattos, Loefgrenia 50: 1. 1970. TYPE: H. albus (Cham.) Mattos = Tabebuia alba (Chaam.) Sandw.
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Description
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Shrubs to giant trees. Leaves simple, 1-foliolate, or digitately 3-7-foliolate. Inflorescence terminal, an open or congested panicle or raceme, or reduced to a single flower. Flowers with the calyx cupular, campanulate or tubular, truncate, bilabiate or shallowly 5-lobed; corolla white, yellow, lavender, magenta, or red, tubular-infundibuliform to tubular-campanulate (Panama), glabrous or puberu- lous on the tube outside; anthers glabrous, the thecae straight, divaricate; pollen grains single, 3-colpate, the exine finely reticulate; ovary linear oblong, often somewhat lepidote, the ovules 2-multi-seriate in each locule. Fruit a subterete elongate-linear or short oblong capsule, dehiscing more or less perpendicularly to the septum, smooth to irregularly wavy-muricate, glabrous to lepidote or variously pubescent; seeds thin and bialate with hyaline-membranaceous wings, or thick, corky and suborbicular without wings
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Habit
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Shrubs to giant trees
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Distribution
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Fewer than 100 species in tropical America ranging from northern Mexico and the West Indies to northern Argentina.
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Reference
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Buchinger, M. Las especies Argentinas del genero Tabebuia. Rev. Invest. Forest. 2: 3-30. 1960. Dugand, A. Bignoniaceae: El genero Tabebuia en Colombia. Mutisia 25: 1-31. 1956.
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Reference
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Gentry, A. H. A revision of Tabebuia (Bignoniaceae) in Central America. Brittonia 22: 246-264. 1970.
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Key
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a. Leaflets not stellate-pubescent; flowers (where known) rose, purple, or white; calyx glandular-lepidote or mealy pubescent (if pubescent, corolla puberulous outside); fruit glandular-lepidote or glabrous, the surface smooth. b. Leaflets glandular-lepidote, not pubescent, linear-oblong to elliptic-oblong; corolla (where known) glabrous outside; calyx and fruit strongly glandular-lepidote. c. Leaves simple to 3-foliolate, blades linear-oblong; inflorescence (where known) few-flowered; corolla (where known) white. d. Tree; leaves simple; calyx (at least in fruit) spathaceously split and striate with 5 raised lines; fruit linear, more than 12 cm long; seeds thin, bialate; well-drained sites ...... 8. T. striata dd. Shrub or small tree; leaves simple to 3-foliolate; calyx 2-3-labiate, not striate; fruit oblong, less than 12 cm long, attenuate at both ends; seeds thick, corky, wingless; Pacific coast mangrove swamps ...... 6. T. palustris cc. Leaves mostly 5-foliolate, blades elliptic-ovate to elliptic-oblong; inflorescence few- to many-flowered; corolla pale pink, rose, or lavender, rarely white. e. Leaflets acuminate or sharply acute; inflorescence usually many-flowered; ma- ture capsule more than 22 cm long; native and cultivated ...... 7. T. rosea ee. Leaflets obtuse; inflorescence few-flowered; mature capsule usually less than 15 cm long; rarely cultivated ...... 5. T. pallida bb. Leaflets pubescent at least in axils of lateral nerves beneath, ovate to ovate-lanceo- late; corolla puberulous outside; calyx mealy pubescent; fruit glabrous ...... 3. T. impetiginosa aa. Leaflets stellate-pubescent at least in axils of lateral nerves beneath; flowers yellow; corolla glabrous outside or with a few trichomes below sinuses; calyx with at least ves- tigial yellowish to reddish-stellate tomentum; fruit stellate to woolly pubescent, or if only inconspicuously lepidote then wavy-muricate. f. Leaflets pubescent only in axils of lateral nerves beneath; the leaves often 7-foliolate; calyx sparingly thick-stellate pubescent; fruit more or less lepidote, wavy-mucronate ...... 2. T. guayacan ff. Leaflets with stellate trichomes scattered over undersurface or along veins; the leaves rarely 7-foliolate; calyx stellate-pubescent, usually also with longer barbate or simple trichomes; fruit with some stellate trichomes. g. Leaves pubscent mostly along veins and petioles; corolla lobe venation of dried specimens conspicuously reticulate to the margins, the color of lobes same as that of tube; calyx without long simple trichomes, pubescent with short stellate trichomes sometimes with some barbate trichomes, its lobes reflexed; fruit more or less rugose, shortly stellate-pubescent; tropical wet forest (in Panama and Costa Rica) ...... 1. T. chrysantha gg. Leaves densely pubescent over whole surface beneath; corolla of dried specimens with venation becoming obscure in the lobes, the lobes appearing yellow and distinctly different from darker-drying corolla tube; calyx golden woolly-pubes- cent with many long (to 7 mm) simple trichomes in addition to the short-stel- late tomentum, its lobes erect; fruit woolly-pubescent; mostly in tropical dry forest and drier parts of tropical moist forest ...... 4. T. ochracea
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