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• Satthaphorn, J, A. Paton, A. R. Zuntini, R. S. Cowan & C. Leeratiwong. 2024 [2023]. Phylogeny and infrageneric classification of Clerodendrum (Lamiaceae). Bot. J. Linn. Soc. 204: 103–136.

In his Fl. Madagasc. treatment Moldenke (1956) enumerated 72 species. However 2 spp (C. kaempferi (Jacq.) Siebold. and C. nutans Wall. ex D. Don) were stated to have probably been reported from Madagascar in error,  5 spp (C. buchanani Roxb. ex Wall. [var. fallax (Lindl.) Baker], C. heterophyllum Poir., C. myricoides (Hochst.) R. Br. ex Vatke, C. speciosissimum Morren, C. thomsonsae Balf.) were believed by Moldenke to have been recorded only from cultivated material, 4 spp were anticipated to likely have been introduced and likely to have become naturalized, but for which no herbarium specimens were known (C. calamitosum, C. inerme (L.) Gaertn., C. serratum (L.) Moon and C. villosum Blume) and one sp was stated to have been introduced and possibly naturalized (C. indicum (L.) Kuntze). Although this and other species are found in cultivation as ornamentals, we do not believe that C. indicum is naturalized in Madagascar. Therefore only 60 of the 72 enumerated spp were regarded by Moldenke as native to Madagascar

Since the Fl. Madagasc. treatment 3 spp of Clerodendrum have been transfered into Rotheca, 2 into Vitex and 1 into Boutonia (Acanthaceae). Following current generic circumscription, 13 spp require transfer to Volkameria, currently only 1 of these has an available name combination in that genus, and an article providing the other needed name combinations is currently in preparation. The genus is currently under revision for Madagascar by P. Phillipson (MO), M. Callmander (G) and J. Wearn (K).

Studies on generic circumscription, phylogeny and revised infrageneric classification continue (see Satthaphorn et al. 2023). This includes the establishment of subgen. Afroclerodendrum Satthaphorn for the African and Malagasy species (v. subgen. Clerodendrum for Asian and Australian species). This includes a group of exceptionally large-flowered species, present in both Africa and Madagascar, that has been newly delimited as as sect. Megaflora Satthaphorn, the type of which is the Malagasy Clerodendrum aucubifolium Hemsl.