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(Last Modified On 11/13/2012)
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(Last Modified On 11/13/2012)
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Genus
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MALAXIS Solander ex Sw.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Nov. Gen. & Sp. Pl. Prodr. 119. 1788
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Reference
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Svenska Vet. Akad. Handl. 21:233. 1800; Fawc. & Rendle, Fl. Jam. 1:41. 1910.
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Synonym
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Achroantbes Raf. in Med. Repos. N. Y. 5:352. 1808. Microstylis Nutt. Gen. N. Am. P1. 2:196. 1818; Lindl. Gen. & Sp. Orch. P1. 18. 1830; Benth. & Hook. Gen. P1. 2:494. 1883; Pfitzer in Engler & Prantl. Nat. Pflanzenf. II, 6:130. 1888; Ridley in Jour. Linn. Soc. 24:308-351. 1888.
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Description
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Small, erect or repent, terrestrial or epiphytic herbs with cormous pseudobulbs or repent stems. Section EUMALAXIS with cormous, usually hypogaeous, pseudo- bulbs bearing 1 or 2 leaves. Section BLEPHARIGLOTTIS with more or less elongated stems and leaves scattered along them. Leaves 1-3, continued at the base into a sheathing petiole, membranaceous, the lamina usually broad. Scape or peduncle slender, usually elongated. I-nflorescence a spicate or subumbellate raceme; flowers small. Sepals free or the laterals connate, subequal, spreading. Petals equal to the sepals or usually shorter, narrow to subfiliform. Lip erect or spreading, sessile, entire or lobed, usually cordate or auriculate, with the auricles embracing the column, usually broader than the sepals, concave at the base (or plane in Malaxis Wendlandii). Column very short, terete, usually at right angles to the axis of the lip; anther erect or suberect, persistent, 2-celled, the cells often nearly separate; pollinia 4, 2 in each cell of the anther, waxy, their long axis parallel to the long axis of the column or nearly so; caudicle none.
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Note
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About 200 species distributed in the temperate and tropical regions with the greatest concentration in tropical Asia and Oceania.-A fascinating but difficult genus, closely allied to Liparis, and with no really good characters separating the two. The section BELPHARIGLOTTIS is entirely tropical American, and while it resembles some species of Liparis its characters are more those of Malaxis.
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Key
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a. Plants with short, slender, leafy stems. b. Lip 5.5-9.5 mm. long; petals 4.5-7 mm. long ...................................... -10. M. TIPULOIDES bb. Lip 3-4 mm. long; petals 3-3.5 mm. long ............................................-9. M. BLEPHARIGLOTTIS aa. Plants with short bulbous stems which are not leafy along their length but bear 1 or 2 leaves. b.- Leaf 1; inflorescence a narrow raceme or spike. c. Lip simple in front, not tridentate, trilobate, nor retuse .................. I 1 M. MAJANTHEMIFOLIA cc. Lip not simple in front, either tridentate, trilobate, or retuse. d. Lip obovate-triangular; anther rostrate .......................................... 11. M. WENDLANDII dd- Lip not obovate-triangular; anther not rostrate. e. Lip tridentate at the apex; inflorescence a dense spike ................ 3. M. SOULEI ee. Lip trilobate in front; inflorescence a sublax raceme .................. 2. M. PITTIERI bb. Leaves 2; inflorescence a subumbellate raceme. c. Lip ciliate or denticulate ...................................................... 8a. M. PARTHONII var. DENTICULATA cc. Lip neither ciliate nor denticulate. d. Lip tridentate or trilobate near the apex. e. Lip subquadrate in outline, with linear-lanceolate basal auricles ....................................................... 6 . M . W OODSONII ee. Lip not subquadrate in outline, without linear-lanceolate auricles. f. Lip without basal auricles ....................................................... 4. M. SIMILLIMA ff. Lip with erect or uncinate basal auricles ................................ 5. M. EXCAVATA dd. Lip entire in front. e. Lip suborbicular to transversely oblong-oval, 3.5-7 mm. broad ......................................................-8. M. PARTHONII ce. Lip ovate-triangular to ovate-lanceolate; 1.5-2.5 mm. broad...., 7. M. FASTIGIATA
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