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  • Adelostemma Hook. f.
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Alexitoxicon St.-Lag.
    • Reference article Flora of China Editorial Committee. 1995. Flora of China (Gentianaceae through Boraginaceae). 16: 1–479. In C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong (eds.) Fl. China. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
  • Antitoxicum Pobed.
    • Reference article Flora of China Editorial Committee. 1995. Flora of China (Gentianaceae through Boraginaceae). 16: 1–479. In C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong (eds.) Fl. China. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
  • Aphanostelma Schltr.
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Cyathella Decne.
    • Reference article Flora of China Editorial Committee. 1995. Flora of China (Gentianaceae through Boraginaceae). 16: 1–479. In C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong (eds.) Fl. China. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
  • Cynanchum bricenoi Morillo
    • Reference article Luteyn, J. L. 1999. Páramos, a checklist of plant diversity, geographical distribution, and botanical literature. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 84: viii–xv, 1–278. view online
  • Cynanchum sect. Metalepis (Griseb.) Sundell
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Cynanchum subg. Metalepis (Griseb.) Woodson
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Cynoctonum E. Mey.
    • Reference article Flora of China Editorial Committee. 1995. Flora of China (Gentianaceae through Boraginaceae). 16: 1–479. In C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong (eds.) Fl. China. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
  • Decanema Decne.
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
  • Decanemopsis Costantin & Gallaud
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
  • Drepanostemma Jum. & H. Perrier
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
  • Exostegia Bojer ex Decne.
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
  • Folotsia Costantin & Bois
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
  • Gilgia Pax
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Glossonema Decne.
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Graphistemma (Champ. ex Benth.) Champ. ex Benth.
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Holostemma R. Br.
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Holostemma sect. Graphistemma Champ. ex Benth.
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Karimbolea Desc.
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
  • Mahafalia Jum. & H. Perrier
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
  • Mastostigma Stocks
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Mellichampia A. Gray
    • Reference article Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera. 2009. Cucurbitaceae a Polemoniaceae. 4(1): i–xvi, 1–855. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera (eds.) Fl. Mesoamer.. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Metalepis Griseb.
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Metaplexis R. Br.
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Nematostemma Choux
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
  • Odontanthera Wight
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Pentarrhinum E. Mey.
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Platykeleba N.E. Br.
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
  • Prosopostelma Baill.
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
  • Pycnoneurum Decne.
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
  • Pycnostelma Bunge ex Decne.
    • Reference article Flora of China Editorial Committee. 1995. Flora of China (Gentianaceae through Boraginaceae). 16: 1–479. In C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong (eds.) Fl. China. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
  • Raphistemma Wall.
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Rhodostegiella (Pobed.) C.Y. Wu & D.Z. Li
    • Reference article Flora of China Editorial Committee. 1995. Flora of China (Gentianaceae through Boraginaceae). 16: 1–479. In C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong (eds.) Fl. China. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
  • Roulinia Decne.
    • Reference article Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera. 2009. Cucurbitaceae a Polemoniaceae. 4(1): i–xvi, 1–855. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera (eds.) Fl. Mesoamer.. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Rouliniella Vail
    • Reference article Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera. 2009. Cucurbitaceae a Polemoniaceae. 4(1): i–xvi, 1–855. In G. Davidse, M. Sousa Sánchez, S. Knapp & F. Chiang Cabrera (eds.) Fl. Mesoamer.. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
  • Sarcocyphula Harv.
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
  • Seshagiria M. Y. Ansari & K. Hemadri
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Seutera Rchb.
    • Reference article Flora of China Editorial Committee. 1995. Flora of China (Gentianaceae through Boraginaceae). 16: 1–479. In C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong (eds.) Fl. China. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
  • Sichuania M.G. Gilbert & P.T. Li
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Steinheilia Decne.
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Symphyoglossum Turcz.
    • Reference article Flora of China Editorial Committee. 1995. Flora of China (Gentianaceae through Boraginaceae). 16: 1–479. In C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong (eds.) Fl. China. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
  • Urostelma Bunge
    • Reference article Khanum, R., S. Surveswaran, U. Meve & S. Liede-Schumann. 2016. Cynanchum (Apocynaceae: Asclepiadoideae): A pantropical Asclepiadoid genus revisted. Taxon 65(3): 467–486.
  • Vincetoxicum Wolf
    • Reference article Flora of China Editorial Committee. 1995. Flora of China (Gentianaceae through Boraginaceae). 16: 1–479. In C. Y. Wu, P. H. Raven & D. Y. Hong (eds.) Fl. China. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
  • Voharanga Costantin & Bois
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
  • Vohemaria Buchenau
    • Reference article Schatz, G. E., S. Andriambololonera, P. P. Lowry II, P. B. Phillipson, M. Rabarimanarivo, J. I. Raharilala, F. A. Rajaonary, N. Rakotonirina, R. H. Ramananjanahary, B. Ramandimbisoa, A. Randrianasolo, N. Ravololomanana, C. M. Taylor & J. C. Brinda. 2023. Catalogue of the Plants of Madagascar.
 
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