(Last Modified On 3/21/2013)
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(Last Modified On 3/21/2013)
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Genus
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Cynoctonum Gmelin
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PlaceOfPublication
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Syst. Nat. ed. 13, 443, 1791.
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Synonym
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Mitreola R. Br., Prodr. 450, 1810.
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Description
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Herbs or suffrutices, annuals (most) or low perennials; stems much branched to simple, glabrous or obscurely and minutely puberulent. Leaves opposite, dis- tinctly petiolate to sessile or essentially so; blades typically ovate-lanceolate or elliptic-lanceolate but varying from virtually linear to broadly ovate or suborbicu- lar, membranous or less frequently subcoriaceous, marginally entire. Flowers a, arranged unilaterally in terminal or axillary dichotomizing spikes or smaller cincin- nous clusters, the pedicels not exceeding 1 mm in length; calyx-lobes 5, lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, basally imbricate in bud, longer than the tube, persistent in fruit; corolla urceolate, white or less frequently pink, fugaceous as a unit, the tube somewhat swollen, 0.7-2 mm long, contracted at the throat, with a dense ring of villous trichomes in the throat ca 0.5 mm long, the lobes 5, 0.5-2 mm long, valvate in bud, slender-lanceolate to ovate, ascending to suberect but arcuate and with the tips incurved; anthers 5, ovate, basally cordate, 0.3-0.5 mm long, included, attached to the corolla-tube half way between the middle and the base by filaments with the free-portions slightly longer than the anthers; ovary subglobose or turbinate, 1/2 inferior, 0.7-1 mm long, 2-locular, with oo ovules per locule, the separate carpel apices apparent in mature flowers, the styles 2, less than 1/2 the ovary length, united above by a small capitate stigma, splitting apart as the fruit develops.
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Habit
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Herbs suffrutices
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Description
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Capsules 2-4 mm long, sparsely to moderately covered with minute hispidulous trichomes or with small papillations, deeply 2-lobed, the capsule-lobes frequently comprising 1,2 or more of the capsule length, spreading apart by 10-120? at maturity, with the tips straight or curving inward to various degrees, dehiscing vertically along the inner margin; seeds ovoid, brownish, glossy, 0.3-0.5 mm long, furrowed on one side.
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Distribution
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A genus of three or four species distributed in temperate and tropic regions of the New World; only one species is known to occur in Panama.
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