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Project Name Data (Last Modified On 6/4/2013)
 

Flora Data (Last Modified On 6/4/2013)
Genus Ayapana Spach
PlaceOfPublication Hist. Veg. Phan. 10: 290. 1841.
Note TYPE: A. officinalis Spach A. triplinervis (Vahl) R. M. King & H. Robinson.
Synonym Lepidesmia Klatt, Bull. Herb. Boissier 4: 479. 1896. TYPE: L. squarrosa Klatt. Tamayoa Badillo, Bol. Soc. Venez. Ci. Nat. 9f: 139. 1944. TYPE: T. paraguanensis Badillo.
Description Erect perennial herbs, unbranched or basally branched. Leaves mostly opposite, sessile or winged to base; blades narrowly ovate to elliptical entire to serrulate, pinnately or trinervately veined. Inflorescence laxly paniculate with corymbose to subcymose branches. Heads discoid with 5-40 florets; involucre of 15-35 lanceolate subimbricate bracts, in 2-5 series, spreading when mature, the innermost bracts deciduous; receptacle convex, glabrous (paleaceous in one species); corolla narrowly funnelform or tubular, internally glabrous, with glands externally on the lobes, the cells of the corolla elongate with sinuous walls, the lobes short-triangular; anther collars slender, the cells mostly elongate with transverse annular thickenings in the walls, the exothecial cells subquadrate, the anther appendage triangular or oblong, longer than wide; style base with distinct enlarged node, the style branches without glands, the appendages tapering, often strongly curled, with prominently projecting papillae. Achenes prismatic, 5-ribbed, with few to many bristles mostly on the ribs; carpopodium enlarged and sharply delimited, the cells thick-walled, in many series, the basal series of cells greatly enlarged; pappus of ca. 18-30 slender scabrous sometimes fragile bristles (reduced to short bristles or scales in one species, A. squarrosa), the bristles not enlarged distally, the apical cells sharply pointed. Pollen with short sharp spines.
Habit herbs
Distribution Ayapana contains 11 species ranging from Costa Rica into South America and the West Indies.
Note The greatest concentration of species is in the Andean region. One species, A. squarrosa (Klatt) R. M. King & H. Robinson, has been incorrectly placed in a distinct genus (Lespidesmia) and even transferred to the tribe Heliantheae by previous writers because of the combination of reduced style appendages, paleaceous receptacle and reduced papus. Three species of Ayapana have been collected in Panama. A related genus, Polyanthina, has been found in Costa Rica and Colombia and may be expected at higher elevations in western Panama. The single species, P. nemorosa (Klatt) R. M. King & H. Robinson, has the winged or sessile leaf bases and the distinctive carpopodium found in Ayapana but differs by the heads having 200-300 slender florets, the receptacle being pubescent and the style branches being linear and scarcely papillose.
Reference King, R. M. & H. Robinson. 1970. Studies in the Eupatorieae (Compositae). XXX. The genus, Ayapana. Phytologia 20: 210-212.
Key a. Leaves narrowly acuminate at tip; florets whitish; corolla with short broad lobes ...... 2. A. elata aa. Leaves obtusely acute to rounded at tip; florets reddish or purplish; corolla with lobes distinctly longer than wide. b. Leaves sessile or very shortly petiolate; heads with ca. 25 florets ...... 3. A. stenolepis bb. Leaves usually with narrow petioliform. bases; heads with 30-40 florets ...... 1. A. amygdalina
 
 
 
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