(Last Modified On 12/18/2012)
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(Last Modified On 12/18/2012)
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Genus
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RHIZOPHORA L.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Sp. P1. 1:443. 1753.
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Synonym
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Mangle Pluk. ex Adans. Fam. P1. 2:445. 1763. Mangium Rumph. ex Scop. Intr. Hist. Nat. 218. 1777. Asophora Neck. Elem. Bot. 2:3 61. 1790.
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Description
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Maritime trees and shrubs with adventitious aerial and prop roots, branchlets stout and furrowed, with prominent leaf and stipule scars. Leaves opposite, simple, entire, evergreen, coriaceous, often spotted dorsally; stipules foliose, sessile, cadu- cous. Inflorescence axillary, cymose, persistently bracteate. Flowers perfect, regular. Sepals 4, valvate, distinct, coriaceous, reflexed and persistent in fruit. Petals 4, alternate with the sepals, involute, often with hairy margins, caducous. Stamens 8-12, introrse, sessile, in one whorl, cuneate, areolate, a membrane covering the areolae opening at the inner edge to free the pollen. Ovary half-inferior, bilocular, the superior portion conical, surrounded by a fleshy disc; style terete, the stigma bifid or rarely trifid; ovules 2 per locule. Fruit a dry berry crowned by the persistent calyx, indehiscent. Seed 1 by abortion, suspended, germinating while the fruit is still on the tree.
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Habit
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trees
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Note
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Several species of tidal flats and river estuaries widely distributed between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn, girdling the world.
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Key
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a. Shrubs reaching 5 meters (rarely trees reaching 25 meters); inflorescence 2- to 6-flowered; floral buds ampullaceous, broadest at the base, acu- minate at the tip; sepals 8-15 mm. long at anthesis; petals 5-11 mm. long; style 3-7 mm. long; bracteoles truncate-trapezoid. Either coast. b. Flowers relatively large at anthesis, the sepals 11-15 mm. long, the petals 9-11 mm. long, the style 5-7 mm. long. Atlantic coast ......... 1. R. MANGLE bb. Flowers relatively small at anthesis, the sepals 8-10 mm. long, the petals 5-8 mm. long, the style 3.5-4.0 mm. long. Pacific coast ......... 2. R. SAMOENSIS aa. Trees reaching 20 meters; inflorescence 10-to 50-flowered; floral buds ovoid, broadest near the middle, acute to obtuse at the tip; sepals at anthesis 8.0-8.5 mm. long; petals 6-7 mm. long; style 4.0-4.5 mm. long; bracteoles deltoid. Pacific coast .............................. 3. R. BREVISTYLA
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