(Last Modified On 9/30/2013)
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(Last Modified On 9/30/2013)
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Genus
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RHYNCHOSIA Loureiro
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Contributor
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Muriel E. Poston
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PlaceOfPublication
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Fl. Cochinch. 425, 460. 1790.
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Note
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nom. conserv. TYPE: R. volubilis Lour.
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Synonym
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Leycephyllum Piper, J. Wash. Acad. Sci. 14: 363. 1924. TYPE: L. micranthum Piper.
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Description
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Herbs or subshrubs, twining or trailing, erect to ascending; stems terete to angular and striate. -Leaves trifoliolate, ovate to rhomboid, gland dotted above
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Habit
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Herbs or subshrubs
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Description
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and beneath; stipules caducous, striate, free; stipels reduced when present; pet- ioles 1.2-8.0 cm long, villous; petiolules 0.4-3.0 cm long, terminal petiolules longer than the laterals. Inflorescence racemose, axillary; bracts caducous or persistent, small, striate. Flowers with the calyx campanulate, the upper teeth at least partly connate; corolla papilionaceous, usually yellow with maroon mark- ings, the standard obovate, auriculate with a short claw, the wings oblong, not auriculate, the claw narrow, the keel falcate, wider than the wings, the claw attenuate; stamens diadelphous, the vexillary stamen free, the anthers mono- morphic; the style slender, the stigma entire, capitate, the ovary sessile, biovu- late. Fruits ovate to oblong, 2-valved, pubescent, gland-dotted; seeds 2 ovate, black often with some red, hilum lateral, ovoid to elongate.
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Note
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Rhynchosia is a genus of several hundred species found in both the Old World and New World tropics. The genus has its greatest diversity in Africa.
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Reference
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Grear, J. W. 1979. A revision of the New World species of Rhynchosia (Le- guminosae-Faboideae). Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 31(1): 1-168.
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Key
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a. Calyx lobes 2-3 times longer than calyx tube; seeds never red. b. Stipules lanceolate to ovate, 0.3-1.0 cm long, 0.1-0.5 cm wide, terminal petiolules 2. 0-1 1. 0 mm long ...... 7. R. reticulata bb. Stipules linear to lanceolate, 1.5-3.0 mm long, ca. 0.5 mm wide; terminal petiolules 1.5-2.0 cm long ...... 1. R. calycosa aa. Calyx lobes equal to or not more than 2 times longer than calyx tube; seeds red and black. c. Seeds mostly less than 4 mm long ...... 4. R. minima cc. Seeds mostly more than 4 mm long. d. Plants viscid; stipules persistent; hilum linear ...... 2. R. edulis dd. Plants not viscid; stipules caducous; hilum ovate. e. Stipels absent; pods deeply constricted between seeds, glabrous to densely puberulous, shiny black with age ...... 3. R. erythinoides ee. Stipels present; pods not deeply constricted, densely puberulous, green or brown, never shiny black. f. Bracts lanceolate to ovate, 2.0-5.0 mm long; pedicels ca. 5.0 mm long ...... 6. R. quercetorum ff. Bracts lanceolate, 1.5-3.0 mm long; pedicels 1.0-2.0 mm long ...... 5. R. precatoria
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