Home Rubiaceae
Home
Name Search
Generic List
Nomenclature Notes on Rubiaceae
Rubiaceae Morphology
Discussion and Comments
Wittmackanthus Kuntze Search in The Plant ListSearch in IPNISearch in Australian Plant Name IndexSearch in Index Nominum Genericorum (ING)Search in NYBG Virtual HerbariumSearch in JSTOR Plant ScienceSearch in SEINetSearch in African Plants Database at Geneva Botanical GardenAfrican Plants, Senckenberg Photo GallerySearch in Flora do Brasil 2020Search in Reflora - Virtual HerbariumSearch in Living Collections Decrease font Increase font Restore font
 

Published In: Revisio Generum Plantarum 1: 302. 1891. (5 Nov 1891) (Revis. Gen. Pl.) Name publication detailView in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 12/8/2022)
Acceptance : Accepted
Note : Tribe Dialypetalantheae
Project Data     (Last Modified On 12/8/2022)
Notes:

Wittmackanthus includes 1 species of large trees, to 35 m tall. The genus is characterized by interpetiolar or shortly fused persistent stipules, medium-sized petiolate leaves, terminal inflorescences with the principal axes racemiform or spiciform, homostylous medium-sized 5-merous flowers, showy lilac to whitened calycophylls, tubular-funnelform lilac corollas with the lobes imbricated in bud, and septicidal ellipsoid capsules that contain numerous winged seeds. Usually the calyx limb of one or a few flowers of each axis produces a calycophyll, which is generally deciduous as the fruits develop. For some time this genus was overlooked or was treated under the illegitimate name Pallasia, but the identities of the genus and the species were clarified by Steyermark & Kirkbride (1975). This name of its single species has sometimes been mis-spelled as "standleyanus".

The systematic relationships of Wittmackanthus were unclear for some time, but Kainulainen et al. (2010; as Condamineeae) clarified with molecular sequence data that it belongs to the Tribe Dialypetalantheae and is related to two other monotypic genera of large Amazonian trees, Bothriospora and Dialypetalanthus.

Wittmacanthus as a genus is widespread and not uncommon, but not well known and often overlooked. It is similar to Alseis, which has protogynous flowers with smaller corollas. When sterile Wittmackanthus is also similar to Pogonopus and Coutarea. 

Author: C.M. Taylor
The content of this web page was last revised in 8 December 2022.
Taylor web page: http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/curators/taylor.shtml

Distribution: Lowland wet forests in northern South America and southernmost Central America, in eastern Panama and sporadic locations in Colombia and Guyana (but apparently not Venezuela or Brazil) to Ecuador and northern Peru. Wittmackanthus was inaccurately reported also from Venezuela in the Flora Mesoamericana (Lorence et al., 2012), but has not yet been confirmed from there.
References:

 

Export To PDF Export To Word

Shrubs to large trees, unarmed, terrestrial, without raphides in the tissues. Leaves opposite, petiolate, entire, with higher-order venation not lineolate, without domatia; stipules interpetiolar or shortly fused into a tube, persistent, triangular, acute, imbricated in bud. Inflorescences terminal and in axils of uppermost leaves, spiciform with several inflorescences often grouped at stem apex, several-flowered, pedunculate, bracts reduced. Flowers subessile in congested cymes, homostylous, protandrous, fragrant, apparently diurnal; hypanthium turbinate to ellipsoid; calyx limb developed, 5-lobed, on some flowers usually with 1 lilac to whitened calycophyll; corolla salverform, pink to purple, internally glabrous or pubescent in lower part of tube, lobes 5, ligulate to elliptic, imbricated in bud, without appendage; stamens 5, inserted in upper part of tube, filaments unequal, anthers ellipsoid, dorsifixed, opening by linear slits, without appendage, variously exserted and included; ovary 2-locular, with ovules numerous in each locule, on axile placentas; stigmas 2, subcapitate, exserted. Fruits capsular, subglobose to ellipsoid, septicidally dehiscent from apex, chartaceous to woody, with calyx limb deciduous; seeds numerous, elliptic, flattened, small (ca. 1 mm), marginally winged, wing entire, seed surfce striate. 

 
 
© 2024 Missouri Botanical Garden - 4344 Shaw Boulevard - Saint Louis, Missouri 63110