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(Last Modified On 8/15/2013)
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(Last Modified On 8/15/2013)
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Genus
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Buchnera L.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Sp. P1. 630. 1753
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Note
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TYPE: B. anericana L.
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Synonym
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Piripea Aubl., Hist. P1. Guiane 2: 628. 1775. TYPE: P. palustris Aubl. =Buchnera palustris (Aubl.) Spreng. Bonnetia Neck., Elem. Bot. 1: 368. 1790, non Bonnetia Schreb. (1789-Theaceae), nec Bonnetia Mart. ( 1826-Theaceae). nomen illegit., cited Piripea Aubl. TYPE: not designated. Buechnera auct. = Buchnera orth. mut.
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Description
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Annual or perennial herbs, mostly drying black, perhaps parasitic; stems sparingly branched, mostly wiry, slightly compressed or terete, mostly pubescent, often strigose, the hairs often stout based. Leaves narrow, the basal leaves opposite, sometimes small and broad, the cauline leaves often alternate, entire or remotely denticulate, pointed at both ends, (1-)3-5-nerved; petiole mostly obsolete. Inflorescences terminal spikes, the flowers subsessile, subtended by scalelike foliaceous bracts and by 2 ovate, usually ciliate bracts, the outermost usually larger. Flowers with the calyx tubular, sometimes broader above, 5-lobate, the lobes equal or conspicuously unequal, the tube 10-nerved, enervate between or conspicuously nervate between the major nerves, slightly accrescent in fruit; corolla salverform, the tube exserted, glabrous or pubescent outside, the limb with 5 subequal rotund lobes, the throat densely tufted with stout, monili- form hairs, the tube mostly pubescent below and pubescent with simple or few celled hairs below the point of stamen insertion; stamens 4, inserted in the bottom 1/2 of the tube, didynamous, the anthers ovoid or ovate, pointed apically, versatile, situated about 2/3 way up the tube; ovary ovoid, glabrous, the style simple, the stigma a linear extension of the style, perhaps inconspicuously 2-lobed, included. Capsule enveloped by the indurate fruiting calyx, sometimes slightly exserted, splitting loculicidally to the base into 2 elliptical valves, the dissepiment remaining with the valves as broad median ridges, the placenta narrowly cylindrical; seeds numerous, oblong, slightly angled, longitudinally ridged.
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Habit
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herbs
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Distribution
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Buchnera includes about 100 species, about 16 occurring in the New World and ranging from eastern Canada to Argentina.
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Note
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The genus is relatively uniform in general appearance, sparingly branched wiry herbs with small, salverform white, blue or purplish corollas. In some species variously colored corollas occur in the same population. The calyx is shaped much like that of Escobedea with which. Buchnera is- usually allied. Species of Buchnera occupy open habitats and are tolerant of paludal conditions as well as extreme drought. In Panama, species of Buchnera bloom on dry savannahs when no other plants are in flower.
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Reference
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Philcox, D. 1965. Revision of the New World species of Buchnera L. (Scroph- ulariaceae). Kew Bull. 18: 275-315.
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Key
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a. Calyx with the areas between the 10 principal nerves enervate; corolla mostly white, the lobes entire, glabrous; inflorescence mostly open ...... 1. B. pusilla aa. Calyx with evident nerves between the 10 principal nerves and hence appearing many nerved; corolla mostly pink or purplish, the lobes often crenulate, sometimes ciliate; inflorescence mostly crowded. b. Corolla tube externally glabrous; leaves linear, appearing 1-nerved, glabrous except at the ciliate base; bracts glabrous except for the ciliate margin; calyx glabrous, the lobes acuminate; annual plants ...... 3. B. weberbaueri bb. Corolla tube externally pilose; leaves lanceolate or oblong, mostly evidently 3-nerved, pubescent overall; bracts dorsally pubescent, especially apically; calyx pubescent, at least on the nerves, the lobes short-deltoid; perennial plants ...... 2. B. rosea
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