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Project Name Data (Last Modified On 10/17/2013)
 

Flora Data (Last Modified On 10/17/2013)
Genus Calophyllum L.
PlaceOfPublication Sp. PI. 513. 1753
Note TYPE: C. calaba L.
Description Trees, rarely shrubs, sometimes polygamous; latex yellow; twigs terete to compressed or angular, glabrescent; vegetative buds fine tomentose. Leaves op- posite, the costa prominent, the lateral veins straight, parallel, numerous, alter- nating with resin ducts which may be sclerified and appear on the dried leaf surface as veins; petioles mostly short. Inflorescences mostly short axillary or terminal racemes, rarely forming reduced panicles; deciduous bracts sometimes present; pedicels usually slender. Flowers polygamous, sepals (2-)4, the inner pair often petaloid; petals 2-4 to many or wanting, opposite or imbricate; stamens mostly numerous, in staminate flowers congested in the middle, in pistillate flow- ers 2 to many seriate below the ovary, the filaments slender, sometimes basally connate; the anthers oblong or ovoid, basifixed, longitudinally dehiscent; ovary 1-locular, the style slender, inflexed in bud, the stigma peltate, the ovule 1, erect, anatropus. Fruit an indehiscent drupe, mostly subglobose, the endocarp hard or thin, the locule sometimes not filling the fruit; seed erect, ovoid or globose, the cotyledons 2, thick and fleshy.
Habit Trees, rarely shrubs
Note Calophyllum includes over 100 species of both Old and New World tropics. Species are most abundant in the Old World. In Panama two species are native, and two other introduced species are sometimes cultivated as street trees. The fruit is not edible, but medicinal substances have been extracted from some species. The timber is valuable in some countries. In a recent study of the genus in Panama, D'Arcy and Keating (1979) noted several collections which could not be assigned to species, and these specimens are still uncertain. In error, they cited Dwyer 1670 and Holdridge 6232 under C. rekoi, a species which is not known from Panama. These specimens are of C. longifolium Willd.
Reference D'Arcy, W. G. & R. C. Keating. 1979. Anatomical support for the taxonomy of Calophyllum (Guttiferae) in Panama. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 66: 557-571. Smith, A. C. & S. P. Darwin. 1974. Studies of Pacific Island plants XXVIII. The Guttiferae of the Fijian Region. J. Arnold Arbor. 55: 215-263. Stevens, P. F. 1974. A review of Calophyllum L. (Guttiferae) in Papuasia. Aus- tral. J. Bot. 22: 349-411. Stevens, P.F. 1976. The Old World species of Calophyllum (Guttiferae). 1. The Mas- carene Islands. J. Arnold Arbor. 57: 167-184.
Key a. Leaf ribs (lateral veins plus ducts) fewer than 20 per cm; fruit with the locule filling less than half the interior, the remaining area filled with a corky material; cultivated tree ...... 1. C. inophyllum aa. Leaf ribs more than 20 per cm; seed filling more than half the fruit interior, corky material thin, when present; cultivated and native trees. b. Leaf ribs mostly 25-30 per cm, distinct; petals wanting; native tree ...... 2. C. longifolium bb. Leaf ribs mostly 30-40, on small leaves obscure and difficult to count; petals present or unknown; cultivated or native trees. c. Leaves more than 6 cm long; cultivated species ...... 4. C. soulattri cc. Leaves less than 6 cm long; native species, Cerro Jefe ...... 3. C. nubicola
 
 
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