Cardamine angustata O. E. Schulz, Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 32: 349. 1903; Dentaria heterophylla Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. Pl. 2: 66. 1818; Cardamine heterophylla (Nuttall) A. Wood Amer. Bot. & Fl. 38. 1870; not Host, Syn. P. Austral. 366. 1797; not Lapeyrouse, Hist. Abr. Pl. Pyr. 377. 1813; not Bory, Ann. Sci. Gen. Phys. 3: 6. 1820; not W. J. Hooker, Comp. Bot. Mag. 1: 273. 1835. TYPE:

Cardamine angustata var. ouachitana E. B. Smith, Brittonia 34: 379. 1982. TYPE: United States, Arkansas, Polk Co., common alon the Cossatot River, 12.1 miles S of the junction of Hwys 375 and 8 near Mena, 19 Mar 1982, E. B. Smith 3664 (holotype, UARK; isotypes M)!, NY!, US!).

Herbs, perennial, glabrous or rarely sparsely pubescent. Rhizomes fleshy, moniliform, segments fusiform, 3–6 mm in diam.; stolons absent. Stems 1.2–3(–4) dm, erect, simple, glabrous or pubescent. Rhizomal leaves 3-foliolate, to 24 cm; petiole (3–)5–12(–16) cm; terminal leaflet broadly ovate to rhombic-obovate, 1.5–6(–8) cm, with a petiolule (0.2–)0.5–1.5(–2) cm, base cuneate, rarely subtruncate, margin coarsely dentate to crenate or 3-lobed, puberulent or not; lateral leaflets about as large as or smaller than terminal leaflet, subsessile or with a petiolule 2–10 mm, margin same as terminal leaflet; cauline leaves 2(or 3), 3-foliolate, alternate or rarely opposite, different in morphology from rhizomal leaves; petiole 0.5–2 cm, base not auriculate; terminal leaflet narrowly lanceolate to narrowly oblong or oblong-lanceolate, 2–7 cm × 3–6 mm, minutely puberulent along margin, petiolulate or sessile; lateral leaflets similar to terminal one but smaller, sessile, margin dentate or rarely entire. Racemes ebracteate; fruiting pedicels ascending to divaricate, 1.5–4 cm. Sepals oblong, 5–7.5 × 1–2 mm, erect, base of lateral pair slightly saccate; petals purple to pale pink, oblanceolate, 9–18 × 2–5 mm, clawed, apex rounded; median filament pairs 5–10 mm, lateral pair 3.5–8 mm; anthers linear, 1.5–3 mm. Fruit linear, 2.5–4 cm × 1.5–2.5 mm; valves glabrous; style (5–)7–11 mm; ovules and seeds 8–12 per fruit. Seeds dark brown, oblong, 2–2.5 × 1–1.5 mm. 2n = ca. 128.

Flowering: Mar–May.

Habitat: moist woods, wooded ridges and bottomlands, flood plains, shady ravines, stream beds.

Elevation: 300–1300 m.

Distribution: United States (Alabama, Arkansas, Delaware, District of Columbia, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, New Jersey, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia).