17. Caulanthus simulans Payson, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 9: 295. 1923; Streptanthus simulans (Payson) Jepson, Man. Fl. Pl. Calif. 417. 1925. TYPE : United States, California, Coyote Canon, El Toro Mt., 5500 ft, 17 May–1 Jun 1901, H. M. Hall 1894 (holotype, UC!; isotype, MO!).

Herbs, annual, hispid with simple trichomes, glaucous. Stems 1–7 dm, erect, often branched above, hispid. Basal leaves rosulate; petiole 0.2–1 cm; blade oblanceolate, 1–7 x 0.4–1.8 cm, hispid, margin coarsely dentate or pinnately lobed; middle cauline leaves sessile, ovate to oblong, 2–8 x 0.5–2 cm, gradually reduced in size upwards, base amplexicaul to sagittate, margin coarsely dentate or entire. Racemes without a terminal cluster of sterile flowers, ebracteate, densely flowered, elongated in fruit; fruiting pedicels reflexed, 2–5 mm, hispid. Sepals yellow, lanceolate, 3–6.5 ´ 1.5–2 mm, erect, equal, keeled; petals creamy white or pale yellow, occasionally with purple midvein, 10–14 mm; blade 4–5 x 1.5–2 mm, not crisped; claw oblanceolate or oblong, 5–9 x 1–1.7 mm; filaments tetradynamous, free, median pairs 3–5 mm, lateral pair 2–4 mm; anthers oblong, 1–3 mm; ovules 48–62 per ovary. Fruits 3–7.5 cm ´ 1.2–1.5 mm, reflexed or rarely divaricate, terete, often straight or sometimes curved; valves with an obscure midvein; style obsolete or to 3 mm; stigma 2-lobed. Seeds 1–2 x 0.9–1.1 mm; cotyledons entire.

Flowering: Mar–May.

Habitat: chaparral, scrub, pinyon-juniper woodland.

Elevation: 400–2100 m.

Distribution: United States (S California/Riverside and San Diego counties).