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(Last Modified On 4/5/2013)
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(Last Modified On 4/5/2013)
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Species
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Protium glabrum (Rose) Engl.
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PlaceOfPublication
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Nat. Pfl. ed. 2. 19a: 414. 1931.
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Synonym
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Icica glabra Rose, N. Amer. Fl. 2 5: 2 59. 1 9 1 1. Protium ternatum Pittier, Contr. U. S. Natl. Herb. 20: 478. 1922. Protium copal var. glabrum (Rose) Swart, Rec. Trav. Bot. Neerl. 39: 332. 1942. Protium copal var. ternatum (Pittier) Swart, op. cit. 39: 333. 1942.
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Description
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Trees, 6-12 m high. Leaves odd-pinnate, becoming more or less glabrate, to 30 cm long; petioles canaliculate, minutely puberulent, 2-8.5 cm long; leaf- lets 3-5(-9), broadly elliptic to oblong or ovate, slightly inequilateral, abruptly acuminate, acute basally, subcoriaceous, minutely puberulent, becoming glabrate, 6.5-19 cm long and 2-8 cm wide; petiolules canaliculate, thickened apically and basally, minutely puberulent, the laterals 8-13 mm long, the terminals 2-5 cm long. Inflorescences axillary panicles, slender- branched from the base, usually feiv-flowered, sparingly appressed-pubescent, 1-13.5 cm long. Flowers yellow, 4-merous; pedicels sparingly appressed-pubescent, 2-2.5 mm long; calyx shal- lowly 4-lobed, the lobes broad and rounded, spreading, sparingly appressed-pubes- cent, ca. 1 mm high; petals 4, broadly ovate, spreading apically, sparingly ap- pressed-pubescent, pubescent adaxially, the margins papillose, 3 mm long and 1.5 mm wide; stamens 8, the filaments subulate, 1.5 mm long; disc 8-lobed, sul- cate, thick, glabrous, covering ca. half the ovary in carpellate flowers and as high as the ovary in staminate flowers, forming a prominent glabrous collar at the base of the fruit; ovary ovoid, appressed-pubescent in carpellate flowers, glabrous in staminate flowers, the stigma 4-lobed. Fruits ovoid, apiculate, stipitate, mi- nutely pubescent, especially apically and basally, reddish, the mesocarp pink or white, 11-25 m long and 10-17 mm in diameter; pyrenes (1-)2-3, green.
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Habit
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Trees
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Note
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This inaptly-named species was described by Rose as having glabrous branches, leaflets, and ovaries. However, examination of the holotype specimen [Tonduz 6682, Costa Rica (US)] shows this not to be the case.
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Distribution
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Costa Rica and Panama.
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Note
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In Panama known to flower in July and August, and to fruit in May, July, and August.
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Specimen
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CANAL ZONE: 12 mi. S of Colon, Tyson et al. 4475 (GH, MO, US). Vicinity of Rio Providencia, in forest understory, Blum & Tyson 2327 (MO). Hills SW of Gatun, in forest, alt. 600 ft, Johnston 1586 (A, MO). COLON: Achiote, Tyson et al. 4540 (MO). Along Rio Fato above Nombre de Dios, in forests or thickets, alt. 10-100 m. Pittier 3949 (US), 4190 (US, holotype of P. ternatum; GH, US, isotypes), 4191 (F, US). PANAMA: Cerro Jefe, forest edge and road bank, alt. ca. 2900 ft, Dwyer & Gauger 7339 (MO).
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Note
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Protium glabrum is found on the Caribbean side of the Continental Divide in areas of monsoon forest and seasonal evergreen forest. In fruits containing two pyrenes, invariably the opposite carpels are fertile, the two between them being sterile. The label on Johnston 1586 states that the plant had "Cecropia-like stilt-but- tresses." Butressing is not uncommon in the Burseraceae, but few New World species have been reported to form them.
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