Published In:
Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis 6: 366. 1837[1838]. (early Jan 1838) ( Prodr.)   
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(Last Modified On 1/2/2012)
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Acceptance
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Accepted
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(Last Modified On 1/2/2012)
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Contributor Text:
M. Qaiser and Rubina Abid
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Contributor Institution:
Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science & Technology, Karachi. and Department of Botany, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270
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Synonym Text:
S. chrysanthemoides DC., l.c., 365. 1838 nom. illegit. non Schrank Bair Fl. 2: 386. 1789; S. sisymbriformis DC., l.c. 366. 1838; S. laetus Edgew. Trans. Linn. Soc. London 20: 74. 1846; S. chrysanthemoides DC. var. analogus (DC.) Hook. f. et var. sisymbriformis (DC.) Hook. f., Fl. Brit. Ind. 3: 339. 1881.
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Flower/Fruit:
Fl. Per.: June-October
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Type:
Holotype: In Indiae Or. Prov. Boreali-occidentalibus Royle, Kashmir, Royle 240. G-DC.
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Distribution:
Distribution: Kashmir, Pakistan and India.
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Comment/Acknowledgements:
A highly variable species in leaf morphology, indumentum and capitula size. The leaves vary from white tomentose below to almost green, simple to lyrate pinnatifid and capitula size (1.5-2 cm across). A number of infraspecific categories have been recognized. However, all these charcters are overlapping and imperceptibly pass into one another. Therefore in the present study, a broader view of the species is taken and no infraspecific categories are recognized. A fairly common species, grows between 6000-12000 ft in moist and shady places, banks of rivers, lakes and streams.
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Map Location:
A-7 Gilgit, between Babusar top and Besal village, alt. 10-11000', 5.9.1988, S. Omer & M. Qaiser 2687 (KUH); B-6 Chitral: Girgir Kili, nr. Lowari Top, 21.7.1976, M. Qaiser & Abdul Ghafoor 6553 (KUH); ibid, Shishi, alt. 8,500', 28.7.1958, S. A. Bowes Lyon 146 (BM); Madaglasht, Chitral, July 1908, S. M. Toppin 524 (K);Dir: 12 miles from Dir on way to Darosh, 18.7.1971, S. Abedin 7921 (KUH); ibid, c. 8 miles from Dir on way to Lowari Pass, 21.7.1976, M. Qaiser & Abdul Ghafoor 6528 (KUH); Meana, c. 14.5-16 km from Dir on way to Chitral, alt. c. 2000 m., 10.8.1992, T. Ali, S. Z. Hussain & Gohar Khan 2127 (KUH); 10 km before Lowari top from Qolandi, alt. 1200 m, 15.7.1995, G. R. Sarwar & S. Omer 144 (KUH); North slope, Burzil Pass, 11000 ft, R. R. Stewart 22003a (K); B-7 Swat: Pashmal, 52 miles from Mingora on way to Kalam, 29.7.1971, S. Abedin 8380, 8381 (KUH); Atrore, 29.7.1971, S. Abedin 8463 (KUH); 6 miles from Kaghan on way to Naran, alt. ± 7000', 12.8.1971, S. Abedin 8912 (KUH); Hazara: 2 miles from Batta Kundi on way to Babusar, 12.8.1971, S. Abedin 8964 (KUH); Swat: Kalam, 28.7.1968, S. A. Faruqi 36 (KUH); Kulalai, 27.7.1969, S.A.Farooqi 119 (KUH); Hazara: Lake Saiful Maluk, 2.10.1970, M. Qaiser & S. A. Farooqi 3309 (KUH); Naran, Saiful Maluk, 22.8.1987, Y. Nasir, Rubina Akhtar & M. Hanif 13092 (KUH); Swat: Pande Forest, bet. Jabba & Jahanabad, 26.8.1972, M. Qaiser & Abdul Ghafoor 4997 (KUH); Buthwar gully, 26.8.1972, M. Qaiser & Abdul Ghafoor 5100 (KUH); Hazara: Naran, 31.8.1972, M. Qaiser & Abdul Ghafoor 5268 (KUH); Hazara: 3 miles from Naran on way to Lake Saiful Maluk, 8.7.1977, Kamal & M. Qaiser 352 (KUH); Dir: Kohistan, 25.8.1982, S. M. Sarwar Alam s.n. (KUH); Swat: Madian, 30.10.1985, Atiqur Rehman s.n. (KUH); Kalam, 24.9.1986, Abdul Rashid s.n. (KUH); between Atrore & Gabral, c. 3000 m., 3.7.1987, Abdul Ghafoor & S. Omer 3451 (KUH); Hazara: Naran, alt. ± 7800', 4.8.1987, M. Shah & Jamshed 116 (E); Between Burawai & Naran, alt. ± 10,500', 5.9.1988, S.Omer & M.Qaiser 2693 (KUH); Swat: Malam Jabba, alt. c. 10,000', 16.10.1991, Abdul Ghafoor 5341, 5379 (KUH); ibid, 8.7.1993, G. R. Sarwar & S. Khatoon 29 (KUH); Kalam, 9.7.1993, G. R. Sarwar & S. Khatoon 45 (KUH); ibid, Malam Jabba, 7.8.1994, T. Ali 2462 (KUH); Hazara: Nathia gully, 12.8.1994, T. Ali 2493 (KUH); Hazara: Naran, Kaghan valley, alt. c. 7800', 4.8.1987, Muqarrab Shah & Jamshed 116 (E); Kaghan valley, Burabai, alt. 10,000', 16.7.1952, S.M.A.Kazmi s.n. (KUH); ibid, July-Sept. 1954, John Abell 97 (BM); Swat, Sho Nala, alt. 7-8000', 20.8.1955, Abdul Rahman 179 (B); Baltistan, Deosai Plain, 20.8.1966, M. A. Siddiqi, Y. Nasir & Z. Ali 4205 (B,E); Hazara, 9000 ft, M. Dorvie s. n. (K); Hazara, nr. Burawai, alt. c. 10,000', 1.9.1972, M. Qaiser & Abdul Ghafoor 5328 (KUH); Hazara, Besal, alt. 3800 m, 8-9.7.1953, F. Schmid 372 (BM); B-8 Kashmir: Muzaffarabad: Leepa valley, 26.8.1972, M. Qaiser & Abdul Ghafoor 4981 (KUH); Chuunian, Leepa valley, 26.8.11986, M. Qaiser & R. Y. Hashmi 7668, 7714 (KUH); between Rebian & Leepa, 28.8.1986, M. Qaiser & R. Y. Hashmi 7861 (KUH); Taubut, 25.9.1987, T. Ali, M. Qaiser & M.A. Khan 575 (KUH); Baltistan, alt. 11-12,000', 25.8.1893, J. F. Duthie 13756 (K); Sonamarg/Battal, upper Sindh valley, 28.9.1848, T. Thomson s.n. (K); Muzaffarabad, Thilan, 13.7.1899, J. F. Duthie & Inayat s.n. (KUH); Kashmir, 2.11.1837, H. Falconer 590, 591 (K); Naghata Ganj, 19.9.1837, H. Falconer s.n. (K); ibid, 8.12.1875, Aitchison 24 (K); Tibiri Garhmal, banks of river below Jangla, 12.7.1883, J. F. Duthie 831 (BM); Kuihama Range (Nagmarg), 22.10.1912, G. L. C. Fuller 75 (K); Preslang, 24.9.1913, Mrs. M. A. Evershed s.n. (B,M); Gulmarg, alt. 8500', 29.8.1919, H. H. Rich 1311 (K); Ningla Nullah, 15.7.1930, P.V.Pinfold 194 (BM); ibid, Bhujaz, foot of Umasiba, alt. 12,000', 15.7.1943, Ludlow & Sherriff 9195 (BM); Upper Sind Valley, alt. 10,200', 3.10.1947, R. C. F. Schomburg 94 (BM); Traghal Pass, alt., 10,000', 30.7.1918, R. R. & I. D. Stewart 4723 (KUH); Pahlgam, alt. 9000', 6.9.1920, R. R. Stewart 5970 (KUH); Palgham, Aug 38, Dawarka Nath 41 (KUH); Sonamarg, alt. 9000', 22.7.1921, R. R. Stewart 6381 (K); ibid, alt. 11,000', 8.8.1925, R. R. Stewart 8170 (E); Sonamarg, alt. 10,000', 9.8.1928, R. R. Stewart 13492 (K); Gund to Sonamarg, 7-9000 ft., R. R. Stewart 3414 (K); Tubori Lake, Pahlgam, alt. 12,000', 30.8.1945, R. R. Stewart 21837 (E); Gulmarg, alt. 8,760', 9.8.1956, O. Polunin 56/115 (E); Tangmarg, alt. 6,000', 17.8.1956, O. Polunin 56/380 (BM, E); Pahlgam, Avalanche gulley in Picea forest, alt. 8,500', 22.8.1956, O. Polunin 56/445 (BM); Lambal, 9000 ft, G. L. C. Fuller 191 (K); Skardu: Environs of Skardo, 6900-7500 ft, 6.8 – 4.9.1856, Schlagintweit 852 (BM); Hazara Dist. Dunga gali (gully) Aug., 1880, A. P. Young 585? (BM); ibid, alt. 8-8,500', Au. 1951, R. R. Stewart s.n. (E); Hazara, tribal area, alt. 7-9000', 16.9.1958, B. L. Burtt & S. M. A. Kazmi 1203 (E); Nathia gully, 12.8.1994, Tahir Ali 2494, 2495 (KUH); ibid, alt. 9000’, 1960, D. McVeen s.n. (E); ibid, 5.11.1951, S.M.H.Jafri s.n. (KUH); ibid, alt. 8200', 3.9.1969, Saida Qureshi 190 (KUH); ibid, 4.10.1970, M. Qaiser & S. A. Farooqi 3475 (KUH); Thandiani, alt. 8,000', 14.8.1956, R. R. Stewart 27802 (KUH); Changla gully, 15.6.1959, S. I. Ali 797 (KUH); ibid, alt. 8,000', Aug. 1948, R. R. Stewart 23652 (K); Changla gali, Murree Hills, R. R. Stewart 3967 (K); Swat Distt.: Swat valley, 7500-9222 ft., 6.3.1938, T. D. Weatherhead 72 (BM); Pande Forest, between Jabba and Jahanabad, 21.8.1972, M. Qaiser & Abdul Ghafoor 4800 (KUH); C-6 Kurram valley, above Makai, alt. 2500-3500 m, 30.8.1971, M. A. Siddiqu & Y. Nasir 6447 (KUH); near Sergal, amongst stones in water, 1879, J. E. T. Aitchison 1229 (BM); Kurram valley, 1894, Harsukh 15370 (K); Shendotoi from 8000 to 10000 ft, amongst grass in open spots, J. E. T. Aitchison 773 (K);
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Perennial, erect, rhizomatous, simple or corymbosely branched, glabrescent herb, 0.4-1 m tall. Leaves very variable, white tomentose below or almost glabrous, green, simple to lyrate-pinnatifid or pinnatifid, simple ones ovate to elliptic, sessile and reducing in size in the upper part, the lower ones lyrately lobed, petiolate or sessile and then dentately auricled, 4-22 x 2-7 cm, membranous, glabrescent. Capitula heterogamous, radiate, many in terminal corymbs, 1.5-2 cm across. Peduncles 0.5-2.5 cm long with 2-3-linear bracteoles, glabrescent. Involucre campanulate 3-6 mm across; bracts 10-13, oblong-lanceolate, acute, blackish at the apex, scarious margined, hairy, 5-6 x 1.5-2.5 mm; outer bracts 8-10, 2-3 mm long, linear-subulate. Ray-florets yellow, 10-13 oblong, 4-veined, 3-denticulate at the obtuse apex, 9-12 mm long including 2-2.5 mm long tube. Disc-florets many, yellow, 4-6 mm long. Anthers 2 mm, basally auriculate. Style 2-lobed at the apex. Cypsela cylindrical, strongly ribbed, 2-2.5 mm long, glabrous. Pappus c. 4 mm long, dirty white.
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