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Published In: Taxon 54(1): 25–26, f. 3. 2005. (Taxon) Name publication detail
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 4/30/2015)
Acceptance : Accepted
Note : Belongs to Tribe Cinchoneae
Project Data     (Last Modified On 11/1/2019)
Notes:

Ciliosemina and includes two Neotropical species of shrubs and small trees found in wet lowland forest vegetation from northern Colombia through the northwestern Amazon basin, and is probably also in western Brazil. These species were previously included in Remijia (e.g., Andersson 1994), but were separated based on molecular data by Andersson & Antonelli (2005).

This genus (or species) is characterized by its woody habit; its deciduous stipules that are elliptic to ovate or obovate and held erect and pressed together in bud; its axillary inflorescences, usually arranged in single (to two) pairs per stem produced at one of the upper leaf-bearing nodes, that are pedunculate, multiflowered, branched to several orders, and pyramidal to corymbiform-rounded with the bracts reduced to developed; its distylous, 5-merous, subsessile to shortly pedicellate flowers; white corollas with valvate lobes; and stiff-walled capsular fruits with septicidal dehiscence and numerous flattened, winged seeds that are fimbriate to ciliate along their margins. Antonelli noted that Ciliosemina differs from Remijia in this character and accordingly named the genus for it. Antonelli also separated these genera based on the corymbose inflorescences of Ciliosemina vs. thyrsoid in Remijia, which seems to describe the shape rather than the arrangement (i.e., determinate vs. partly indeterminate) because the two genera appear to be similar in this second feature. Ciliosemina pedunculata is the much more commonly collected species.

The calyx lobes vary from subequal to markedly unequal on an individual flower within the genus. The inflorescence bracts of Ciliosemina purdieana are well developed but apparently deciduous after anthesis, so the infructescence appears to have reduced bracts. The plants of Ciliosemina pedunculata in northern Colombia apparently are disjunct from the Amazonian populations, but apparently are not separable morphologically.

Author: C.M. Taylor
The content of this web page was last revised on 18 June 2014.
Taylor web page: http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/Research/curators/taylor.shtml

Distribution: Wet lowland forests at 50-700 m, northern Colombia through the eastern Andean slopes and Amazonian lowlands of central and northeastern Peru and western Brazil.
References:

 

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Shrubs and small trees, unarmed, terrestrial, without raphides in the tissues, resinous at apices. Leaves opposite, petiolate, entire, with tertiary and quaternary venation not lineolate and usually not evident, with pubescent domatia; stipules interpetiolar, elliptic to ovate or obovate, generally held erect and flatly pressed together in bud, quickly deciduous. Inflorescences axillary at 1--2 upper stem nodes, cymose, multiflowered, pedunculate, bracts reduced or developed and deciduous. Flowers subsessile or pedicellate, bisexual, distylous, protandrous, medium-sized, fragrant, diurnal or perhaps noctural; hypanthium ellipsoid; calyx limb developed, 5-lobed, without calycophylls; corolla salverform, white, internally pubescent, lobes 5, triangular, valvate in bud, with terminal appendages; stamens 5, inserted in corolla tube, anthers narrowly oblong, dorsifixed near base, included or partially exserted, opening by longitudinal slits, without appendages; ovary 2-locular, ovules numerous in each locule, imbricated and ascending on axile placentas, stigmas 2, linear, included or perhaps sometimes partially exserted. Fruit capsular, ellipsoid, septicidally dehiscent from apex, chartaceous, smooth, with calyx limb persistent or tardily deciduous; seeds numerous, flattened, small, fusiform to elliptic, marginally winged and fimbriate to ciliate.

 

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Key to Species of Ciliosemina (adapted from Andersson & Antonelli, 2005)

1. Bracts ca. 1 mm long, not enclosing hypanthium or calyx limb; calyx limb shorter, with lobes 0.4-1.5 mm long and about equal to or only slightly longer than tubular portion; seeds 5.1-7.2 mm long including wing portion; northern Colombia through central Peru and western Bolivia......Ciliosemina pedunculata

1'. Bracts 5-10 mm long, enclosing hypanthium plus calyx limb in bud and at anthesis; calyx limb longer, with lobes 3-6 mm long and much longer than tubular portion; seeds 2.2-4.5 mm long including wing portion; northern Colombia.....Ciliosemina purdieana

 
 
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