9. Viburnum recognitum Fernald (northern arrowwood)
V. dentatum var. lucidum Aiton
Map 1445, Pl.
337 h, i
Plants shrubs 1–3
m tall. Bark firm, not peeling, relatively smooth to finely roughened or warty
on younger branches, occasionally becoming somewhat fissured on older stems,
gray or grayish brown to reddish brown. Winter buds ovoid-conical, slightly
flattened, with 2 pairs of overlapping scales, glabrous, not or only slightly
sticky. Stipules usually absent. Petioles 18–36 mm long, unwinged, glabrous or
with scattered hairs along the ventral groove, lacking prominent glandular
swellings near the tip. Leaf blades (5–)7–15 cm long, 4.5–10.0 cm wide,
unlobed, relatively thin and papery, broadly elliptic to broadly ovate or
nearly circular, rounded to truncate or shallowly cordate at the base, angled
to a bluntly or sharply pointed tip or short-tapered to a sharply pointed tip,
the margins coarsely toothed with the teeth 1–3 per cm, 12–25 on each side, the
upper surface glabrous or rarely with scattered, mostly unbranched hairs, the
undersurface sparsely or rarely moderately pubescent along the main veins with
mostly unbranched hairs and usually also with small patches of densely woolly
hairs in the axils of the main veins, often with 3 or 4 secondary veins on each
side crowded near the base of the midvein, pinnately veined above the base, the
secondary veins straight, often dichotomously branched but not forming a
network, extending to the leaf margin, each branch ending in a tooth.
Inflorescences short- to more commonly long-stalked, with (3–)5–7 primary
branches, these glabrous or rarely with a few unbranched hairs, occasionally
also with sparse, minute, stalked glands, the marginal flowers fertile and
similar to the other flowers. Ovaries glabrous, the tapered, stylelike tip
densely short-hairy. Fruits 7–10 mm long, ellipsoid, oblong-ovoid, or nearly
spherical, purplish blue to bluish black, not glaucous. Nutlet 6–8 mm long,
yellowish brown. 2n=36. May–June.
Uncommon in the
eastern half of the Ozark Division, locally north to Lincoln County and perhaps
west to Boone County (eastern U.S. west to Wisconsin, Missouri, and Arkansas;
Canada). Banks of streams and rivers, bottomland forests, and mesic upland
forests; also old fields and roadsides; often on acidic substrates.
Steyermark
(1963) knew this species only from two sites in Oregon County, but in recent
years several additional populations elsewhere in the Ozarks have been
discovered. The plants at Cuivre River State Park (Lincoln County) and Forest
Park (St. Louis City) are from disturbed successional habitats and may
represent escapes from cultivation. For further discussion of anomalous plants
from Boone County, see the treatment of the closely related V. dentatum.