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Published In: Species Plantarum 1: 219. 1753. (1 May 1753) (Sp. Pl.) Name publication detailView in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 6/2/2011)
Acceptance : Accepted
Project Data     (Last Modified On 6/3/2011)
Flower/Fruit: Fl. Per.: January - September.
Type: Lectotype, ‘Habitat in agris Europae’, Herb. Linn. No. 313/8 (LINN!). Brenan in Milne-Redhead & Turrill, Fl. Trop. E Afr., Chenop.: 6. 1954.
Habitat: Fields, gardens, ruderal places, roadsides, irrigated places, slopes, Cedrus forest. 360-4330 m.
Distribution: Distribution: Almost cosmopolitan, common in subtropical to temperate zones, more infrequent in the tropics and cooler regions.
Comment/Acknowledgements: C. album, as delimited here, is not uniform. Its morphological variation is wide probably both because of genetic and environmental factors. The delimitation and variation differ fairly much from those in Europe and the Mediterranean. However, for any taxonomic conclusions the material available in herbaria is poor both in quantity and quality. Adequate additional material, cultivation experiments to study the effect of the environment on the morphology of the taxa and a wide-ranging taxonomic revision are much needed for C. album and related taxa in the area. C. atripliciforme, C. ficifolium, C. karoi, C. novopokrovskianum and C. strictum have been often determined as C. album. Most difficult to identify are small plants with narrow or almost circular, ± entire leaves. C. giganteum D.Don, described from India and closely related to C. album, should be expected from our area. It has large, roundish leaves with regularly dentate margins and usually red vesicular hairs when young.
Map Location: A-7 Chitral dist.: Madaglast, 9000 ft., July 1908, S.M.Toppin 523 (K); Village Pasum c. 6 km E of Mastuj, c. 2400 m, 25.6.1987, A.Ghafoor & S.Omer 3042 (KUH); Gilgit dist.: Yasin valley, E Hindukush Sandi, 2400 m, 20.8.1993, H.Herbers 16 (Hb. Herbers); 19.8.1993, H.Herbers 8 (Hb. Herbers); Kagan Dist.: NW Himalaya, Babusar valley, 2750 m., 5.8.1993, U. Schickhoff 1733 (Hb. Schickhoff); above Mimipin Nagar, 7000 ft., 16.8.1954, R. R. Stewart 26419 (RAW); Sust, 9000 ft., 20.8.1987, Shah Muqarrab & Jamshed 207 (ABD); A-8 Gilgit dist.: Hunza, Naltar-Tal-Jagot, c. 3100-3300 m, 3.8.1974, F.Gartner (GZU); B-6 Chitral dist.: Bamboret Gol, Kafiristan, c. 1800 m, 30.6.1987, A.Ghafoor & S.Omer 3294 (KUH); Rawark, Yarkhum, 3250 m, 25.7.1968, A.Stamm G.Wöhrl 222 (W); Lowari pass, 8-9000 ft., 29.6.1953, M.A.Siddiqi 27145 (G); Peshawar dist.: Nowshera, c. 43 km E of Peshawar, Station Road, 19400 m, 31.5.1972, P. Uotila 17368 (H); B-7 Sharda Kishenganga, 6000 ft., 26.9.1956, J.Mohd 141 (G, RAW); B-8 Gulmit area, Gilgit, 8500 ft., 30.7.1986, S.Malik, M.Rashid, Qutbudin & Manzoor 38 (RAW); Gilgit dist.: between Rama and Astore, 8500 ft., 31.8.1988, S.Omer & M.Qaiser 2432 (KUH); Tangmarg 6000 ft., 17.8.1956, O.Polunin 56/364, 363(B); Kashmir, Kasurmik to Doghani, Baltistan, 9000 ft., 16.8.1940, R.R.Stewart 20801 (RAW); Tangmarg, 7200 ft., 31.8.1929, R.R.Stewart 13061 (G); Shushal, Ladakh, 14200 ft., 26.7.1931, W.Koelz 2449 (RAW); B-9 Karakorum, 15.5.1905, Raja Basher (RAW); C-6 Kohat dist.: in Jugo Kohat, 33°37'N, 71°30'E, 700-900 m, 26.5.1965, K.H.Rechinger 30191 (W); Kurram dist.: Robert Garden 3 miles from Parachinar, 11.9.1972, S.M.A.Kazmi 3850 (H); C-7 Sargodha dist.: Residential area, on Quaidabad Road, Sakesar base, Panjab, 9.9.1989, T.Ali & Tufail Ahmed 1807 (KUH); Murree, 6000 ft., 10.10.1958, s.coll. (KUH); Rawalpindi dist., Rawalpindi, Near Dairy Farm, 22.4.1934, Mohindar Halli 199 p.p (RAW); Jhelum dist.: Amral-Bangla Lehri Rd., 1600 ft., 9.3.1984, Y.J. Nasir & Rubina Akhter 10685 (RAW); D-4 Baluchistan, Zhob valley, Hindubagh, 5850 ft., 13.5.1941, Mohindar Nath (RAW); c. 100 km from Quetta on way to Zhob-Quetta Rd., 7.7.1988, T.Ali & Tufail Ahmad 1229 (KUH); Ziarat dist.: Sanamana, juniper forest region, s.d., S.M.Sarwar Alam (KUH); D-5 Baluchistan, Loralai, 23.7.1939, Mohindar Nath 2060 (RAW); Pathankote, 2.8.1939, Mohindar Nath 2233 (RAW); D-8 Bagh-e-Jinnah Lahore, 27.4.1969, S.Abedin 2343 (KUH); E-4 Kalat, Ziarat Shar Tam Agha, on way to Naushki, 13.10.1971, M.Qaiser & A.Ghafoor 4390 (KUH); F-3 Baluchistan, Near Awaran rest house, Awaran, 27.2.1988, S.Omer, M.Qaiser & Y.Nasir 2039 (KUH, RAW); c. 1 km from Awaran on way to Turbat, 7.3.1990, A.Ghafoor & S.M.Goodman 4399 (KUH); 2 miles from Awaran to Hoshab, 24.3.1971, S.Abedin & Abrar Hussain 5960 (KUH); G-4 Karachi dist.: 6 miles from Gadap on way to Karachi, 31.1.1971, M.Qaiser & Saida Qureshi 4203 (KUH); C.D.R.I. University Campus, 6.3.1980, J.Saadi 11,12 (KUH); 7.3.1981, J.Saadi & M.Shariq 31 (KUH); G-5 13 miles from Hyderabad on way to Sakrand, 26.1.1969, S.Abedin & S.A.Farooqi 582 (KUH); Hyderabad dist.: Tandojam, 7.3.1981, J.Saadi & M.Shariq 26,32 (KUH); University horticultural campus, 7.3.1981, J.Saadi & M.Shariq 23,27 (KUH).

 

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Annual, 10-150 cm, usually erect, variously branched, ± grey farinose. Stems yellowish to green, green-striated, sometimes reddish or with red spots at leaf axils. Lower and medium leaves petiolate, blade usually 2-6(-10) cm, variously trullate, rhombic-ovate to lanceolate, clearly longer than broad, base narrowly to broadly cuneate, margins irregularly serrate to entire, often somewhat 3-lobed, teeth mostly acute, often unequal in size; uppermost leaves lanceolate, usually entire. Inflorescence a variable spiciform or cymosely branched panicle, mostly terminal. Perianth segments 5, dorsally keeled. Perianth falling with fruit. Pericarp thin, ± adherent. Seeds horizontal, black, 1.1-1.5 mm in diameter, somewhat ovate, margin weakly acute; testa with faint radial striae, otherwise almost smooth.
 
 
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