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Published In: Catalogus Plantarum, quas in ditione florae palatinatus.... 6. 1814. (Cat. Pl. Palat.) Name publication detail
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 8/11/2017)
Acceptance : Accepted
Project Data     (Last Modified On 7/9/2009)
Status: Introduced

 

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13. Chenopodium opulifolium Schrad. ex W.D.J. Koch & Ziz

Pl. 356 c–e; Map 1533

Plants annual, without an odor. Stems 20–100 cm long, erect or ascending, unbranched or more commonly few- to much-branched above the base, glabrous or sparsely white-mealy, often somewhat reddish-tinged or reddish-striped. Leaves sessile to more commonly short-petiolate. Leaf blades 1–4 cm long, mostly 1.0–2.5 times as long as wide (1–3 cm wide), ovate to ovate-triangular or rhombic, bluntly to sharply pointed at the tip, angled to nearly truncate at the base, usually with a pair of triangular lobes below the midpoint, green to grayish green, relatively thin and herbaceous in texture, the margins otherwise entire or wavy to irregularly several-toothed, the upper surface glabrous or nearly so, the undersurface sparsely to densely white-mealy. Venation noticeably branched, with usually 3 main veins. Inflorescences axillary and terminal, consisting of short spikes with small clusters of flowers, the terminal ones usually grouped into small to relatively large panicles. Flowers not all maturing at the same time. Calyx 5-lobed to about the midpoint, the fused portion extending beyond the rim of the fruit, covering the entire fruit except sometimes for a minute area surrounding the style, the lobes 0.5–0.8 mm long, broadly ovate, rounded or bluntly pointed at the tip, broadly keeled and often appearing somewhat pouched dorsally, moderately to densely white-mealy. Stamens 5. Stigmas 2. Fruits 1.0–1.4 mm wide, depressed-ovoid, the seeds positioned horizontally, the wall thin, membranous, and somewhat translucent, smooth, difficult to separate from the seed or less commonly easily separable. Seeds black, shiny, smooth at maturity, rounded along the rim. 2n=54. July–November.

Introduced, uncommon, known thus far only from Jackson and Jasper Counties and the city of St. Louis (native of Europe, Asia; introduced sporadically in the U.S. and Canada). Railroads and open, disturbed areas.

This species was first reported for Missouri by Mühlenbach (1979). The determination of Missouri materials is somewhat controversial. Sergei Mosyakin of the Institute of Botany in Kiev, Ukraine, who has been studying North American populations of the C. album complex, has annotated some of the Missouri materials as C. Hborbasii Murr, a fertile putative hybrid between C. album and C. opulifolium. DvoÍák (1991) documented the subtle morphological variation in the complex, noting that various populations of the hybrid could only be distinguished from one or the other parent by careful measurement of quantitative features involving pollen grains and/or leaf blade dimensions and lobing patterns.

 
 


 

 
 
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