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Published In: Species Plantarum 2: 990. 1753. (1 May 1753) (Sp. Pl.) Name publication detailView in BotanicusView in Biodiversity Heritage Library
 

Project Name Data (Last Modified On 8/4/2017)
Acceptance : Accepted
Project Data     (Last Modified On 7/9/2009)
Status: Native

 

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7. Amaranthus hybridus L. (green amaranth, slender pigweed)

Pl. 198 g, h; Map 816

Plants monoecious. Stems 30–200 cm long, erect or ascending, sparsely (toward the base) to densely (toward the tip) pubescent with mostly crinkled, multicellular hairs, unarmed. Leaves short- to long-petiolate. Leaf blades 2–15 cm long, lanceolate to ovate or elliptic, narrowed or tapered to a bluntly or sharply pointed tip (often minutely notched at the very tip), narrowed or tapered at the base, the surfaces sparsely to moderately pubescent mostly along the veins with inconspicuous, mostly crinkled, multicellular hairs, the upper surface sometimes glabrous or nearly so. Inflorescences dull or grayish green, occasionally dull reddish-tinged, axillary and terminal, the axillary inflorescences short spikes or less commonly dense globose clusters, the terminal inflorescence usually a panicle with numerous clusters of short, dense spikes (these branching along most of the panicle axis), the flowers mostly continuous along the spikes, the tip often curved or nodding, the main axis and branches moderately to densely pubescent with mostly crinkled, multicellular hairs. Bracts 2–4 mm long, the main body (excluding the awn) shorter than to slightly longer than the fruits, but the entire structure (including the awnlike or spinelike extension of the midrib) conspicuously longer than the fruits, lanceolate to ovate, narrowed or tapered to a sharply pointed tip, with a strongly thickened green midrib and narrow or broad, thin, papery margins, the midrib usually extending beyond the main body as a short awn, spinelike at maturity. Staminate flowers with (4)5 more or less similar sepals, these 1.5–2.3 mm long, straight, elliptic to oblong-ovate, narrowed or tapered to a sharply pointed tip, usually tapered to a short, awnlike extension of the midrib. Stamens (4)5. Pistillate flowers with (4)5 more or less similar sepals, these 1.5–2.3 mm long, straight or nearly so, lanceolate to oblong-elliptic or oblong-ovate, narrowed or tapered to a relatively stiff, sharply pointed tip, often tapered to a short, awnlike extension of the midrib. Stigmas 3, erect or less commonly somewhat spreading. Fruits 1.2–2.0 mm long, with circumscissile dehiscence, the surface finely wrinkled above the midpoint when dry. Seeds 0.8–1.2 mm in diameter, rounded along the rim, the surface reddish brown to more commonly black. 2n=32. July–October.

Scattered nearly throughout the state (nearly throughout North America, Central America, South America; introduced in Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia). Banks of streams and rivers, bottomland forests, margins of sloughs, and bases of bluffs; also fallow fields, crop fields, gardens, pastures, levees, farmyards, roadsides, railroads, and open, disturbed areas.

 
 


 

 
 
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