1.

+

Densely leafy herb, leaves more than 40. Densely scapose, scapes 15-16.

45. T. gilgitense

–

Leaves 10-20. Scapes up to 10.

2

2.

+

Anthers not polliniferous.

42. T. neolobulatum

Anthers polleniferous.

3

3.

+

Peripheral ligules usually with pinkish or purplish stripes outside (light coloured).

4

–

Peripheral ligules with dark coloured stripes outside.

5

4.

+

Plant with slender root. Petioles glabrous to sparsely hairy at the base.

41. T. monochlamy-deum

–

Plant with thick roots. Petioles with dense, brownish hairs at the base.

40. T. glaucanthos

5.

+

Leaves multicellular hairy. Cypselas 4 – 5  mm long. Stigma drying black.

46. T. khatoonae

–

Leaves glabrous to simple hairy (hairs not cellular). Stigma yellow or dull yellow.

 6

6.

+

Cypselas 3.2 – 5  mm long. Stigma dull yellow.

7

–

Cypselas 2.2 – 3  mm long. Stigma yellow.

9

7.

+

Cypselas 4 – 5  mm long; beak 2.5 – 4.5  mm long.

39. T. fedtschenkoi 

–

Cypselas 3.2 – 3.7 mm long; beak 9 mm long.

8

8.

+

Cypselas orangish with 1.3 mm long cone.

38. T.baluchistanicum 

–

Cypselas reddish brown with 0.3 mm long cone.

44. T. pullocarpum

9.

+

Leaves coarsely dentate (inner ones) to lobed (outer ones), lobes ± entire.

47. T. staintonii 

–

Leaves lobed, lobes densely dentate.

10

10.

+

Involucre 13 – 15  x 10 – 12  mm. Scapes 1 – 3  mm thick.

37. T. afghanicum 

–

Involucre 10 – 12  x 6 – 8  mm. Scapes 0.7 mm thick.

11 

11.

+

Outer phyllaries smooth to callose. Cypselas with 1 – 1.5  mm long cones; beak 5 – 6  mm long; pappus c. 6 mm long, nearly equal to beak.

43. T. pseudowallichii

–

Outer phyllaries cornute. Cypselas with 0.6 mm long cones; beak 7 – 9  mm long; pappus 4 mm long, ± ½ the length of beak.

 48. T. wallichii